The Different Models of Disability Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The Different Models of Disability - Essay Example consort to the research findings, it can, therefore, be said that two of the most prominent models of disability are the medical and accessible models. These models have been greeted with great skepticism in that they are thought of as being less musing of the dynamics of disability in the real world. Additionally, they are thought of as being restrictive in nature in that they force individuals to perceive disability in a predefined and very rigid manner. These models, however, to corroborate to be helpful in that they establish a framework which can be utilized as a means of enabling individuals to gain an intimate accord of the issues related to disability and the perspective of those who weigh the models as well as the institutions which utilize these models in policy jellting initiatives. This report focuses on the obtaining an understanding of the different models of disability and its implications and ramifications. Firs t and foremost, the Medical Model maintains that disability is the resultant of an underlying physical or mental limitation and is largely independent of social or geographical context. It is sometimes referred to as the Biological-Inferiority or Functional-Limitation Model. The most poignant conceptualization of this model can be seen in the definition as set forth by the World Health Organization (WHO) and devised through the contribution of several medical doctors. on a lower floor this conceptualization, a disability is defined as any restriction or lack of ability to exercise an activity in the manner or within the range that is considered normal for humans while detriment is defined as any or abnormality of psychological or anatomical structure or function. Additionally, a handicap is defined as any disadvantage experienced by an individual which results from an constipation or disability which limits or prevents the fulfillment of a role that has become customary for that individual.

Discussion Question Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Discussion Question - Research Paper Examplee residential area holds a right to assess the relative value of the health premeditation institution in the lax of its effect on the general health status within the community along with the contri scarcelyion of the instal to the compassionate response to trauma, care for chronically ill people as well as disease. some(prenominal) health care policy that fails to completely satisfy the needs and requirements of a group of people within the community will lead to demands of abolition of the policy by the community itself. Not only this, but the impact of the institute, passing the policy, on the individuals would also depreciate over time. The community prefers institutional arrangements that tend to cling to the privacy of the values of the individuals. The Medicare program in Canada is a program that embodies the distinctive Canadian national values. semipublic opinion regarding this program has played a major role in shaping thi s health care institution. In this instance it was noticed that the general opinions grounded in values are stickier as compared to community opinions more or less the particular states of

Memo Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 4

Memo - Assignment practiceIt gives the business a room to see the direct impact of falling short on anticipate variables, such as procurement costs, sales levels, or number of distribution channels.Spreadsheets benefits It does not only exit the user with a way to present numbers, but also to give the mathematical relationship between the numbers, so that the implications of the different assumptions could be prep bed easily and persistently.Parameters to be changed There will be accessory in raw materials to produce more products to cater for the growing market and purchase of new equipment, to avert overworking the old machines due to extra production of products.Increase in cost that is bound to obtain due to the purchase of a new machine and extra production of products will have an meat on the Net income of the company. But because of development in sales due to the growing market, the costs are to be covered without any problem. Nonetheless, increase in sales means incr ease in advertize costs, labor costs, but an increase in sales revenue is the outcome which will eventually increase the net income in the income statement. As this system is implemented, the management can track the vital in-combination cost drivers, and be proactive in auctioning changes should the need arise (Scot, Chan, & Saltelli,

Job Stress Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words

Job filtrate - Research Paper ExampleThe research recommends that the management of DSI clinic restructures operations and job distribution. It recommends that managers should be trained so that they get to understand how job attempt impacts on employees at various times. It also recommends that a the DSI clinic establishes a guidance and counseling unit that will help employees going through stressful times.DSI is a total of clinics that provide dialysis around the United States for people suffering from chronic kidney failure. DSI provides quality care for patients in areas kindred nephrology and other specialized aspects of dialysis. It is made up of highly qualified nephrologists, nurses, doctors, administrators and support staff members who work sticky to maintain the image of DSI as a leading dialysis center in the United States.However, due to the modern financial crises, the management of the clinic deport had the unpleasant duty of laying off a number of workers. This has direct to many workers doing extra hours and others expanding the scope of their work. This has led to a strain on the staff of the company. There have been numerous cases of mistakes, low productivity and a high turnover because of the new arrangements. This has clearly created a touch of low morale amongst staff and workers of DSI.There is clear evidence that the low morale is caused by stress and the increased workload of the company staff. This has led to poor performance. The group that is mostly affected by this visual modality of stress is the female employees who constitute 88% of the total employees in the clinic.The purpose of this research is to use scientific tools to empirically study the relationship between job stress and low morale and low productivity at DSI Clinic. It will identify the possible solutions to the problem and recommend actions that must be taken to lessen the effects of low morale at DSI clinic.There have been a lot of complaints against the way and behavior in which the clinic operates.

Proposal for Lighting Festival Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Proposal for Lighting Festival - Case Study ExampleYou may hand over the harvest-tide and get a replacement free of cost from the store where you have made the purchase. If you are non in a position to revisit the store, kindly arrange to send an email to the undersigned who will get a line immediate action to collect the product from you replacing it with a new one at our cost. scour though we are sure that what has been reported might be a stray incident, we simply do non want to undertake any risks on the health of the infants, as we value the interests of our customers to a greater extent than our stinting values. We deeply regret the inconvenience caused to you in this respect.It is with deep concern that the management brings to your notice that there has been a serious customer complaint on the product infant car seat. The customer has complained that she has found fragments of glass in the upholstery of the seat which is a serious issue as it may cause dangerous bodily hu rt to the infant being carried in the seat. Such complaints not only bring fiscal loss to the caller-up payable to lower sales on account of bad reputation and law suits for huge monetary compensation but also tarnish the image of the phoner built in the market over the last six years. The management wishes the employees to understand the seriousness of the issue and take all the extra sentry go undeniable to avoid such mistakes in the future.If any worker is found to be directly or indirectly responsible for the occurrence of such incidents or for non-detection of such complaints he/she will be reprimanded and punished as this is considered as a serious issue that may affect the future business of the company and your future also in the process. We advise each one of the employees in the manufacturing department to be more(prenominal) vigilant in adopting the safety procedures which are already in place for checking the product thoroughly in the assembly for any alien mater ials. Perhaps some of the employees do not understand the procedure due to language problems. The management though it to better to train all the employees to be proficient in English language so that the safety procedures can be determineed effectively. Arrangements are under way for imparting the necessary training. Further safety procedures to be more effective in this direction are being instituted for follow up by workers.The management once again reiterates the seriousness of the issue and warns all the employees to be more cautious and vigilant.EmailDear Mr. DolanFurther to your note on the issue of the customer complaint on the product infant car seat I have made a thorough investigation in to the issue. I have made sure that nothing has gone wrong in our manufacturing location. There is a casualty that this thing might have happened in the store or at the customers home. But I did not want to do a post mortem of

Globalization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words - 1

Globalization - Essay fashion modelThe opponents of globalisation until now defecate achieved greater success in garnering support from the public, owing to their ability for soma arguments in their favour, focussing on issues like use of child labour by MNCs in underdeveloped economies, and indifference of the developed nations towards serious health issues like AIDS seen rampantly spreading in the developing nations. The proponents of globalisation on the other hand present statistical data in their favour that though scien...tifically sound evidences are often difficult to comprehend from the viewpoint of a layman (ibid). Despite the contentions all over globalisation and its effects, in the past three decades, observations reveal that large-scale globalisation and valet de chambrewide interconnectedness have gained increased popularity in all spheres of life, ranging from economic to technology to cultural. globalization of world economy has occurred due to fast expansio n of trade, financial activities, production of goods, which links economic growth and development of all nations across the world within the main trading zones (developed nations) and beyond (emerging economies of developing nations). As was evident during the global economic puppy love of 2007-2008, currently globalisation has taken place to such extent that no national economy brook safeguard itself from the contagion effect of the disturbances within global financial markets (Baylis, Smith and Owens, 2011). The term globalisation dope be interpreted in various ways. According to the most popular interpretation, the term means understructure of a uniform platform at global basis, where there is synchronisation of technology, economy and culture, to create a standardised world. This perspective primarily translates into referring globalisation as westernisation of the oriental world. According to a nonher perspective, globalisation is a form of hybridisation that creates a me lange of various cultures and socioeconomic structures worldwide. However, from a study of the various perspectives it is not easy to derive a particular correct interpretation, as the meaning of the term can metamorphose based on the context on which it is used. As for example, economics globalisation, which takes place through the integration of national economies with the global economy via foreign direct investments or FDIs, capital flows, immigration and spread of technological cognition in all fields, refers to liberalisation of trade markets and spread of capitalist market values (Bhagwati, 2004). In the athletic field of international relations, it refers to the development of global power play with more focus on interstate relations. Globalisation within sociology relates to changes within the present society its effects and the development of the so-called global society, while in cultural context globalisation pertains to the study of effects of global interconnectednes s on the culture and indistinguishability of various communities worldwide. Therefore, it is quite clear that globalisation has many facets and is hence difficult to delineate and ascertain whether it is a panacea (as per the neo-liberals who are strong proponents of globalisation) or a plague (as per the leftists or the anti-neoliberal group forum that are against

Use your critical thinking skills to evaluate the article Why Does Our Essay

Use your critical thinking skills to evaluate the article wherefore Does Our Collective Empathy So Often Fail to Manifest in Our Tr releasement of Refugees by Shami Chakrabarti - Essay physical exertionThe Council for At-Risk Academics (CARA) created to deal with academic related violence and persecution has dealt with numerous cases involving refugees. CARA has had to help a physics teacher of Iraqi origin who used to receive death threats after she had dared to challenge the in place religious beliefs. other incident dealt with by CARA, which shows that people do not care about the refugees, is the case of a tender-hearted rights lecture from Zimbabwe whom the state police thoroughly beat due to his so-called political activism. Chakrabarti does not witness why people treat refugees with much contempt and ignorance even when they are aware of their sad assay stories. One of the likely reasons suggested by Chakrabarti as to why people forget these sad refugee stories is due to the excited distance that exists between refugees and people of the country, and this makes people forget these sad refugee stories.Chakrabarti in the article suggests that the government has allow these refugees down, and the work of taking care of refugees has been left to organizations such as CARA. According to Chakrabarti, the governments of import task is to enforce grinding poverty to refugees, which has been possible because people allow them. The governments reluctance and bad policies intended to help refugees can be best illustrated by the case of a Pakistani woman who fled to the United Kingdom after been physically attacked by her husband for the mere wish of absentminded to finish her Ph.D. On arriving in the UK, the woman did not have a home or something to eat until CARA came to her rescue. Due to CARAs limited resources that they have, the issue of dealing with refugees is overwhelming them. It is up to people of goodwill who apprise the vital and useful work CARA does take up the responsibility of supporting the

Music in the 1950 the artist Nat king Cole Essay

Music in the 1950 the artist Nat king colewort - judge ExampleBeginning with the talent as a jazz pianist, Nat King Cole realized the primal signs of increasing determination and love towards music at age four when his m different taught him how to play the organ. Eventually, this motivation enhanced his initial jazz performances which further led him to consider interests on rhythms both church doctrine and unstained in nature. With this extent of capability and admiration, he had all the more developed a prominent parade as a jazz-labeled artist, performing in a range of jamming sessions at clubs and events as in the Jazz at the Philharmonic concerts, then creating a rather exhilarating impact on other big bands of the black culture through his personal concept of the jazz trio during the 1930s. As popularized by the trio composed of Nat himself as the pianist leading the combo, guitarist Oscar Moore, and double crypticalist Wesley Prince, this groundbreaking setup with pia no, guitar, and bass enceintely persuaded Coles moderate contemporaries and musicians of the modern times to align their attitude in music with his fashion. Evidently, Nat King Coles innovation with jazz in this manner may be recognized to bear striking semblances with the styles of blues pianists Ray Charles and Charles Brown, as well as in the compositions of artwork Tatum, Oscar Peterson, and Ahmad Jamal among those in major labels. In the short- persistd melodic history of his making, Nat King Cole had been able to go himself dynamic, moving from place to place as he played piano over jazz bars, on Broad vogue domains that made him accomplish pieces for Eubie Blakes musical Shuffle Along in particular, and in the other venues that witnessed his way with music, giving him followers out of the regular audience and certain artists a analogous. It did not take a great deal of perseverance to establish his ample influence given the frequency of his bands live performances and the number of recorded radio transcriptions and locations where the type of jazz rendered by Nat King Cole served a major stimulation for the public prone to romantic mood. On shifting to do vocals, however, he became obliged to go by the standards of the mainstream which at first received unfavorable remarks from both his fans and jazz critics yet this move flourished Coles singing career and in 1943, Straighten Up and Fly Right with a gospel theme turned out to be his first vocal hit. After obtaining a sustainable marketplace for this folk-based song, Nat King Cole was later inspired to attempt crossing grounds with rock and roll, a concurrently ensuing demand at the time, which truly was a huge transformation from the origins his true identity was attached. By maintaining a pop-oriented status, Nat consequently sought the need to replace his traditional jazz trio setup by a new approach, often with string accompaniment. Thus, when some of the songs notched at the pop chart like Th ose Lazy-Hazy-Crazy Days of Summer at number six, the inevitable direction to popularity built in him an icon that just about people looked up to during the early stage of rock and roll. Of the songs that captivated rare appreciation of the public, it is specially remarkable to pay tribute to Coles authentic and outstandingly beautiful rendition of the classic Mona Lisa which stratified first for over two months in the 1950

Transvestic Fetishism Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Transvestic Fetishism - Research Paper ExampleThis tally mainly affects the males and females atomic number 18 not known to suffer from it. Frenchman Chevalier dEon de Beaumont was suffering from this take aim and hence after him this disorder was overly given the name of eonism. The patients who suffer from this condition are also known as transvestites (Laws et al 2008 & Zucker et al 1995).The patients who suffer from transvestic fetishism have a disposition to collect the clothing of females which include everyday clothes as well as undergarwork forcets and other things that is shoes, socks and nightdresses. They whitethorn also like wearing these and then taking their photographs dressed in the female attire. By playacting these acts the subject gets sexually aroused and has achieves sexual pleasure. The onset of this condition is mainly after the attainment of pubescence and many cases of this condition cannot be reported because transvestites basically perform these acts in private rather than openly. some other most-valuable reason behind this is the fact that transvestites are mainly heterosexual and may enjoy conventionalism relationships with women to an extent that they may even be married. Transvestic fetishism patients also have another important peculiarity that they show patterns of both male as well as female personality (Laws et al 2008 & Zucker et al 1995).According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) of the American Psychiatric Association, there are four important characteristics which basically define a person as a transvestite. The first characteristic is the finding of the factor of wearing the attire of the opposite sex. The second important finding is the fact that this stuffing should be coupled with the attainment of sexual gratification and pleasure. Also this condition is mainly seen in men who are normal biologically and that they are attracted to females that is they are heterosexuals. In the year 2000, The DSM-IV-TR standards for

Wars and Attempts at Territorial Expansion are Often the Result of Essay

Wars and Attempts at Territorial Expansion are Often the Result of States sage Efforts to be Secure - Essay ExampleDifferent nations presented different strategies and reasons for war. The reasons for engagement in war and magnification of territories for different nations were diverse with the first reasons being the security dilemma. However, other nations engaged in war and amplification effort for different reasons. According to analysis of different wars that transpired within different areas of the world, the major reason for efforts to inflate territories and take part in warfare was purely to make the nation or kingdom agree more security compared to its enemies. This was considered a long-term assurance of safety, since the majority of the leader feared countries that had enormous population, since the populace had the condenser to provide large armies and other warfare equipments. Security was considered the most imperative aspect for any leaders mainly in the yester years since no permanent boundaries had been in place, as evident today where boundaries withstand been predetermined. Various wars and expansion efforts were captured in an attempt to make certain countries secure from their enemies. The Crimean wars can be presented as one of the wars that involved expansion of territories in a bid to improve security for the attackers. ... Therefore, Russia was obtaining a straightforward foundation although Ottoman still possessed the greater parts of Balkan. Ottomans performance in the acquisition and expansion of the territories had been on a downward trend at that moment after episodes of pregnant conquers. The Russians were considered the protectors of the holy place for the Christians in the Ottomans territory. The French assisted in combating conflicts between the Christian and Orthodox therefrom obtaining regards from the Turks (Badem 64). In this period, Russia resolved to utilizing tension as an instrument to acquire authority oer C onstantinople together with the advantage it had regarding, contact with the Mediterranean. The keep significantly cause panic for the French and Britain who profoundly objected the move since they had developed rivalries with Russia. They viewed the move as an upset of authority within the region. Soon after the refusal of the demands, war stone-broke out in various areas around the Turkish Empire. In response, Turkey established war with Russia thus leading to the large war between the two regions in the warfare of Oltenitza (Badem 99). Consequently, Russia overpowered Turkish forces through the practice session of the famous shell guns. However, the victory was short-lived with the affirmation of warfare on Russia by the Turkish consort mainly the French and the British. Turk gained further support from Austria since they had considerable opposition to the expansion plans that Russia depicted through accompanying conquers (Badem 65). Therefore, the three realized the objecti ve of stumping Russia out of Balkans. In addition, the powers resolved to

Midterm Exam Employment Law 2009 Research Paper

Midterm Exam craft Law 2009 - Research Paper ExampleThe company was a large international firm in San Francisco with almost 5000 employees. Jami had given the interview with the employment group of 6 people. One of them was John Clark, a V.P and the others were gentlemans gentleman Resources V.P, V.P in charge of sales and two other supervisors. During the interview, she spy many of the unwanted things i.e. all of them in the selection panel kept a special nerve centre on her physical features and was asked all kinds of personal and absurd questions just before the interview was going to complete. patronage this unfamiliar circumstance, she joined the job with an insurance benefit of 401K plan and annual salary of US$80,000.00. She was in any skid said that after three months of probation period she could be terminated with a valid cause. After her cost-effective work of six months, she was offered a lunch by Mr. John Clark, V.P. In the dinner, Clark said that the company dem and another V.P just like Jami. In addition, he excessively offered Jami to spend the weekend with him in Yosemite so that the details of the plan can be discussed. When they visited the place together, Jami came to know that Clark was having an eye on her from the very prototypical day and she would be provided with name and fame if she agrees to all the unwanted offers of Clark. When she refused to the offer she had to go through a bunch of harassment in the office. Her performance was considered to be poor and she was not allowed a leave for her mothers surgery. Irrespective of all these adversities, she went to visit her mother without a leave notice. On returning, she was demoted to a supervisor and had a decline in salary of US$40,000.00 per year. After all these occurrences, she lodged a complaint with the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) and therefore sued the company to the Federal Court. It can be viewed that all workplace link issues in the form of cases are handled by the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) of the US (State Human Resources Manual, patronage VII of the Civil Rights Act). According to the case provided, Jami Jensen has been the victim of sexual harassment by the Vice President of the company, wherein she was working. When an offer was provided to Jami and not accepted by her, the V.P. threatened to sue her from the company and also lessened her salary to a huge proportion. The V.P. also kept a condition that in browse to avail the facilities of the company, she must take back the case and in return, she would be rewarded with a higher stain in the company and a greater hike in her salary. However, she did not accept the condition and mulish to load a complaint against the company in the federal court of the US. Jami can also file complains for violating the privacy rights by the employer during the interview process in accordance with the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. Hence, the Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 of the American law can be applied in the case of Jami Jensen. APPLICABLE TORT CLAIMS In the United States, the federal tort claim provides compensation for the damages make to a property or any sort of injury arising from the activities perform by the federal ships officer or the employer (United States Court,

Diabetes Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Diabetes - Article ExampleWhen conducting this research, I noticed that the methodology employed was representative because it employed random sampling thus avoided any illustrate of bias, the sample size of 190 participants was essential in minimizing the margin of error, and the study was approved the board of the university of howdy hence making it a professional research endeavor. The qualitative nature of design was essential in understanding the real effects of diabetes and offered the participants with an opportunity to offer their views.The data collection and analysis techniques were above criterion because I noticed that a third layer analysis managed to examine the main subjects of the responses and identified the barriers to divine service needs of diabetes.When conducting the research, I found out that the results of the research fulfilled the objectives of the study. I discovered that the unhealthiness had distributive effects on the lives of participants who had d iabetic, there were a number of barriers to management of the conditions,participants needed psychological and social incite to deal with emotional impacts of the disease, and need for monetary support was addressed.From my analysis and study, the conclusion managed to cover all prune involved in the findings and how they can be applied to the society in general. The study offered an insight on challenges of diabetes, how the challenges can be handled and future initiatives to combat the disease.As such, the conclusion is relevant to the study.My7 study does not have a clear implication of study how I can recommend that diabetes being a metabolic disease needs to be given much attention by healthcare fraternity, policy makers and the society in general.Landry Fukunaga, Denise Uehara and Tammy Tom.(2011).Perceptions of Diabetes, Barriers to Disease Management, and Service Needs A Focus Group Study of Working Adults with Diabetes in

Case study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 9

Case study - Essay ExampleThis may have been due to the personal relationships he had with them or a more secure way to protect his power. However Continental AG did not appreciate this from Gruenberg, they became suspicious and feared he was not on there side, rather more, a traitor. This conflict if serven from continentalsside is a breach of ethical business conduct. Loyalty to unitarys organization and building trust for those you work for is one of the major stems of business ethics.To cover up and improve relations with Continental AG, Schaeffler offered new concepts and ideas on how they can, together, snuff it more powerful and profitable. Schaeffler needed to satisfy the board of AG to further negotiate as this favorable reception was necessary. Schaeffler do offers to support the continental AG in financial matters, Continental AG did keep negotiations in truth tight in the beginning and seemed very reluctant, but there sudden offer of shares came as a surprise to ever yone. Continental had predicted the downfall of the automobile industry and it was in their interest to offer the shares to Schaeffler, it can be considered as a rather smart move.The new CEO K T Neumann unwisely made a statement which led to dropping in share prices this announcement was solely made for the personal benefit of his own as he had already begun seeking a position elsewhere. This once more can be seen as a breach of business ethics.From the above two examples we can see that people in this organization were merely seeking their own benefit and power. There is no spirit of responsibility or morals when it comes to switching sides in business politics.Von Gruenberg, the chairman of the supervisory board, who was initially pretend of favoring the Schaeffler suddenly considers them to lead to a debt burden, this sudden change of attitude is termed as sabotage, as the Schaeffler were no t expecting it.There were various conflicts when it came to choosing

Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 3

business - Essay ExampleThe environment, as a result, is influenced in a negative way. On the other hand, globalisation has a positive impact on poverty reduction and wealth generation of the nations, thus proving them with a wider range of opportunities for sustainable development. Introduction Globalization, as a process of unification of global markets, has been much discussed in the recent years. There exist different opinions on the issue some view globalisation as a positive thing, while others as a negative. However, a general common opinion is that globalization is one of the principal vehicles for economic growth and wealth generation. Therefore, the goal of this paper is to research and analyze the place of globalization in the modern world as that of the driver of economic growth and wealth generation. In addition, the relationship between globalization and sustainable development will be assessed and analyzed in ordinance to de calline compatibility of the two conc epts. The analysis will be based on current examples in areas such(prenominal)(prenominal) as poverty alleviation and environmental protection. ... le development and how the two principles can be employ on practice with the goal of achieving a sustainable competitive advantage in the global marketplace. In order to achieve the set goals the meaning of both concepts globalization and sustainable development should be defined in the first place. Definitions Knight (2000, 12) defines globalization as a growing interdependence of interior(a) economies - involving consumers, producers, suppliers, and governments in different countries. As a result, boundaries between foreign and domestic markets are loosing their significance and businesses have more freedom to operate in foreign countries. Among the results of the process of globalization is, as Dunning (1993, 43) outlines, intensification of competition. As an economic term, globalization refers to the increasing integration of global economy caused by incessant flows of goods and services, capital, technology and information across national borders (Lucas 2004, 1). At the same time, globalization stimulates international communication and intercultural exchange. So, in a broad sense globalization can be called a continuous process of internationalization that increases interdependence of world countries in such aspects as economy, politics and culture, among others. As for sustainable development, it can be defined as a ashess desire or tendency to continuously improve and achieve certain societal objectives, such as social wealth and health, improved education, increased volume of resources or increased number of social freedoms (Pearce, Barbier, and Markandya 1990, 2). Though such an improvement within the system does not have any time limits, the term implies that the changes taking place always lead to improvement and benefits the system

Research report Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 4

Report - Research Paper ExampleThese attempts of ennrching customer insights ar highly different across different stores throughout the world (Marks & Spencer plc, 2015).Contextually, the current research demands for a take of customer insights into an organisation, where M&S has been proposed. The reason behind selecting M&S as the organisation for the check is the sector which it belongs to, i.e. selling. The research of the retail sector would provide superior outcomes to the study, as a wide course of customers arrive at retail outlets. The retail sector also has a higher number of consumers as compared to any other industry throughout the world. Moreover, it is notable that the consumers spend a significant proportion of condemnation in retail outlets as compared to other outlets. Thus, it is important from the perspective of a researcher to select retail outlets for understanding consumer insights to a large extent (Marks and Spencer plc, 2015).The prime aim of the propos ed research is to understand consumer insights in M&S. In this regard, for attaining the aim of the research, it is essential to draw some of the research objectives for the study. The research objectives are listed underneath.For the effective closedown of the study, it is important to set some of the research questions. In this regard, it is highly important that the research questions are relevant to the objectives and aim of the study. These research questions are listed underneath.The proposed study involves a unique and decisive research plan, which would significantly oblige the overall development of the study and the effective completion of the same. In this regard, the correlation between the different variables would be executed (Baker, 2004). In this regard, the variables are selected based on the research questions of the study, which are listed above. Moreover, it is notable that the correlation change would be

Netflix’s Business Model and Strategy Essay Example for Free

Netflixs Business Model and scheme EssayNetflix is the b confusedn-upst subscription service for sending videodisks by mail and streaming movies and TV episodes oer the internet. Netflixs revenues grew from $500 million in 2004 to $519.8 million in 2010. Companys net income change magnitude from $21.6 million in 2004 to $141-156 million in 2010. It attracted 1.6 million subscribers in 2004 and had to 15 million subscribers by 2010. reed instrument Hastings founder and CEO of Netflix have pushed the company to outcompete its movie leadal competitors by building the lands best internet movie service. Netflix is the world braggart(a)st online entertainment subscription service and revolutionized the way that people rent movies. Netflix has outcompete its rivals on the basis of differentiation features, with their higher quality, wider convergence pickaxe, added performance and services, and has superior technology. Netflix has a large selection of DVDs to choose from. It ma intains relationships with entertainment providers to expand the title selection. Movies ar prescreened for customers based on peer reviews. This allows Netflix to increase their stocktaking with movies chosen by viewers. There are no late fees. Netflix technology is superior because movies and TV episodes sens be streamed directly onto nearly any device in a matter of seconds.Netflix business pattern and strategy can be analyzed with the 5 competitive forces in the movie rental mart 1-substitute, 2- buyers, 3- suppliers, 4- potential for new entrants, 5- rivalry Substitute-It does not matter who sells the movie or the TV episode at the end the end user is getting the same product whether he got it from Walmart or Blockbuster. Substitute for Netflix and a potential threat is pirating movie files from the internet and illegal. This is a substitute that is inexpensive or free facsimile of the file.Buyers- Have the power to select where they are liberation to get movies or TV epi sode. They are going to look provides the best price and best quality. Buyers are not loyal and can get this product from other vendors. Competitors compare industry prices and quality. They will reduce cost in order to attract the buyer.Suppliers-Such are Hollywood are likely to increase cost if the industry profits increase. Suppliers have the capability to let movies and TV episodes harder to get by limiting license agreements. In order for suppliers to maximize their revenues they sell large number of movies and TV episodes the outcome results in competition and does not allow supplier to have a lot power on the product. Potential for new entrants- Blockbuster, and Netflix are the dominant retailers in the market it is very severe for new entrants to succeed.Rivalry- Consumers have multiple sellers they can buy or rent movies and/or TV episodes. briny competitors are online subscription services internet movies and TV episode provider, kiosk services, and DVD rental outlets.Fr om SWOT compendium we found theStrengths as followed, by operation on line is very flexible and very low cost, it has high customer satisfaction levels, and strong knowledge base and brand identity. Weakness are the industry, it is forever changing at a fast speed, it is supplier dependent, postage is a variable cost (increases), customers sine qua non to have internet access and or DVD players. Opportunities are It can expand globally to worldwide markets because its internet access, new technology.Threats If its not able to adapt or keep up with technology, rivals such(prenominal) as Walmart.com or Blockbuster have capital to compete against Netflix.There are some issues Netflix is go aboutNetflix needs to watch out for maturement competitors with deep pockets and need to keep up with the fast growing changes with technology. It is recommended that Netflix increases its customer base (subscribers). This income will offset the ongoing costs. Netflix should move away from DVD rental, it creates a large percentage of its operating cost. Netflix should find out why people are still ordering DVDs Netflix should educate customers with their streaming and downloading and focus on encouraging customers to stay with the service.Blockbuster advantage all over Netflix is that they are able to release new released titles. Netflix needs to negotiate with entertainment providers to get new releases prior than the competitors. Finally it is suggested that if Netflix is able to get new releases earlier they should pass a cost for the newest release (separately from subscription download monthly fee).

Effect of Exercise Training During Lactation Essay Example for Free

Effect of economic consumption Training During Lactation canvassThe article chose review is Effect of exercise training on loss of tusk mineral density during lactation. The purpose of this study was to determine whether exercise behinds bone loss from four to twenty postpartum. The line of work was that during lactation women move breast milk. After finishing breast feeding bone mass norm all in ally returns to pre pregnancy but not in all and this is the problem. The participants were healthy ,nonsmoking , sedentary ,exclusively breast feeding women with a automobile trunk mass index of twenty to thirty kg. m.women were not allowed to join if they had cesarean delivery or if the exercise more than two sidereal days a hebdomad three months before. There were twenty participants all together. They all were cleared by a physician before participating.The instruments and test used for this experiment was for the body composition and bone density they used a dual-energy x-ra y absorptiometry. For the assessment of cardio respiratory fitness and bearing a sub maximal graded treadmill test was used. For the assessment of dietary intake by twenty four hour recall over the telephone using the nutrition data formation for research software. For exercise intervention women were randomly assigned to either an EG or a CG. For the statistical synopsis data were analyzed with JMP software.The testing procedures were with the body composition a whole- body was given three generation a week and a step phantom were given one day a week .With the assessment cardio respiratory fitness and strength did sub maximal graded treadmill test were used. Exercise intervention used a complete sixteen week home based exercise program. The results were The EG baffled a lot less LS BMD than CG. They were no great differences in total body and hip BMD. both groups loss fat mass but, EG lost less lean body mass. Maximal strength increase by 34% to 221% for EG in the CG changed from -5.7% to 12%. These results suggest that resistance and aerobic exercise may slow bone loss during lactation.In these experiments I felt like some of the strengths were that this was a good experiment to do. That it would help a lot of women because a lot of women have babies during the time that they are trying to give up bone density. I also like how in depth the experiment went. Strength was that they gave them specialized training program that they can do from home. Which I feel is extremely of the essence(p) especially to advanced born moms. This article is important to me because I myself want to be a mom some day and bone density is important to me .My grandmother has osteoporosis so increasing my bone density is very important to me. I think I can use this in my future profession by communicate my pregnant patients and mothers that are already breast feeding about this and showing them ways to improve bone density.Work CitedLovelady,C.a,Bopp,M.J,Colleran,H.J,Mackie ,H.k.Wideman,L(2009). Effect of Exercise Training on Loss of Bone Mineral Density during Lactation.Medicine acquaintance in Sports Exercise,41(10),1902-1907. http//journals.lww.com/acsm msse/Fulltext/2009/10000/Effect_of_Exercise_Training_on_Loss_of_Bone.10.aspx

On Becoming a Leader Essay Example for Free

On Becoming a Leader EssayThe book I chose to review is On Becoming a Leader by rabbit warren Bennis. At the crux of this book is a search to visualise how petabiting atomic number 18 made. end-to-end the book, the occasion tries to prove through polls and observations, that attracters are not born but are made through a combination of nature and nurture. Leaders who excel tend to rush resembling characteristics which take on been developed by a series of consumes in their lives (these include embracing mistakes, taking risks and teaching from adversity). Another idea discussed in the book is that of the role of education in making leading. Bennis notes a descend of qualities and abilities that are common amongst the leaders he interacts with. Some of those are relating swell to others, trusting others and in wring being trustworthy, the tycoon to motivate masses and to not present up, inspiration and competence in the job. However, he claims that a major prob lem in business leadership is the societal disease of our time (as tell by Norman Lear to him) short limit thinking.He highlights throughout the book that this form of thinking is not beneficial to organizations and that a good leader should be adapted to look further and not give the short term too a lot importance. At one point he claims that short term thinking is what kills one of the most all-important(a) attributes a leader must have innovation. The author mentions that leaders are important to an organization since they are of paramount importance to the operational performance, st mightiness and integrity of the organization.To this end, Warren Bennis presents in a systematic manner various attributes that are required of a leader to be adequate to perform well. The first attribute discussed is the ability to Master the backcloth. In this chapter, the author discusses the accompaniment that a leader must be commensurate to understand the reasons and outcomes of unlike situations. Only once he has managed this, forget he be able to act in the scoop out possible way for his organization. This is in line with what we have learned throughout our course regarding improving ones self-awareness as well as the 4 perspectives of organizational effectiveness.A leader must be able to understand the context of work and respond by being aware that he needs to look after different perspectives of mountain and systems related to the organization. The second thing discussed is understanding the basics, which is quite similar to mastering the context. In this, Warren Bennis explains that leaders need to understand the underlying concepts at work before making decisions. He lists a series of attributes that can be found in most leaders including self-knowledge, passion, vision and trust.He argues that most of the leaders are not born with these attributes but life experiences and a desire to lead people enables them to develop a good understanding of thi s. Their choose to acquire and learn are much higher than on average and they actively pursue these drives while taking risks and placing lesser importance on their drive for resort. In this he also discusses the difference between managing people and leading them. We have by by through various topics related directly to this effect in class.According to me, one of the strongest drives an individual has is the drive to safety. An individual would be much more comfortable if they can trust their leader. The ability to understand the apprehension process of their leader and their belief/trust in him attentions shore up their drive for safety. Across cultures, people tend to avoid uncertainty and if a leader is able to, through knowledge and an understanding, provide people with an image of consistency it goes a long way in settling people and reducing stress. The one-third lesson is knowing yourself.Warren Bennis argues that in order to lead others, one must fully understand the mselves. To be able to trust your decisions/inner feelings is extremely important for leading people and making correct choices. The author goes on to highlight 4 lessons that enable an individual to understand themselves. They are you are your own best teacher, accept responsibility, you can learn anything you want to learn and true understanding comes from considering on your own experience. All these lessons are at the core of organizational behavior as we have learnt.These 4 lessons can apply regular to organizations as well as being useful for individuals. Self-concept is an important part of an individuals make up and to feed that we must be able to reflect on our past experiences to learn from them. Social learning, learning through reinforcement and learning through experience are discussed as important factors of learning in organizations in our course. I believe this same applies to individuals as they are able to develop their social identity and self-concept through th ese lessons.Next, the author discusses Knowing the world. This takes a similar route to the previous subject of knowing yourself, while developing a greater scope to the understanding. Cultural understanding is an extremely important attribute in a leader. In an increasingly several(a) workforce coupled with increasing globalization, a leader must have the ability to and desire to understand various cultures and behaviors. Values and behavior are very different for different cultures, and a lot of organizations have failed due to the incompatible understanding of their leaders.The HP-Compaq merger was a major case where while it was beneficial financially and operationally for the companies to merge, their leaders were not able to fully adapt the two companys cultures properly, causation the merger to have not performed anywhere near expectations. One point that I found specially interesting and felt that was very important was the need for a person to find a instruct who can h elp them enhance and shape their cultural understanding. The social learning aspect discusses similar concepts, where a person learns from someone whom they aspire to be.Being able to find a mentor who has an in wisdom understanding of cultures, or at least has a desire to learn cultural differences can help an individual become a more complete leader. The next thought discussed by the author is operate on instinct. This discussion focuses on the fact that a good leader should be able to believe in himself and should be able to take decisions from his gut feeling. More often than not a leader and even individuals will have to make decisions without knowing all the details they would like to know.The forepart of incomplete information should not make the leader less likely to make a decision. A good leader will have developed enough self-awareness and through self-evaluation and verification be able to rely on his instinct to make the right choice. This enables the leader to be ab le to quickly and resolutely contemplate and decide fucks. The next discussion is based on Deploying yourself. In this the author talks active the fact that a successful leader is a person who is willing to take on challenges even though he might have failed in earlier challenges.The drive to learn and acquire are, I feel, major contributors to this topic. A good leader will be able to reflect on his past experiences and learn from them and this gives them confidence to continually drive for newer challenges and tasks. Another topic discussed is Moving through chaos. In this chapter, Warren Bennis describes the difference between all individuals and leaders. He points out that everyone faces problems and issues in their career, but that leaders fail these problems and tend to learn from these.Conflict upshot can take many forms through third-party conflict resolution or negotiation. Leaders reflect on their conflicts and develop an understanding of how to overcome those challen ges. Getting people on your side is the next topic covered. The main point of this discussion, and a very important learning for me personally, is the ability of the leader to be trustworthy. To be trusted, a leader must display consistency in his actions, unanimity meaning what they say, reliable to their followers and have a strong integrity. This once again gravitates towards the drive for safety individuals have.To be lead by someone, an individual must trust them to act on their behalf and be able to predict to a certain extent what their leaders will do for them. The concept of romanticizing leadership is floor to this ability of leaders. If a leader is able to bring their employees/followers on their side, the leaders ability to work through tasks and challenges is increased. Even mistakes made by them will be viewed in a peremptory light, enabling them to continue taking risks. Organizations can help or hinder is the next topic that is discussed.This focuses on the fact different organizations will have different expectations from their leaders. The culture at an organization will arrange how well a leader will be able to lead the organization. A good leader will be able to understand the context of the organization and will try to devise strategies he can implement to make changes. The author also mentions that the leader should try and develop organizational characteristics that are in line with their culture. This also transposes into the last discussion of Forging the future.The impediments faced by leaders in an organization can be very hard, but a good leader will be able to develop his own culture and characteristics to move the organization forward. One major issue I had with this book was that while the author continually refers to short term thinking as a societal disease he himself to a certain extent subscribes to that notion. His interaction with the leaders seems comparatively very short term. Throughout the statements made in the b ook, it felt that the interviews were more about successful past sort of than forward looking.I understand that one of the major attributes is to learn from experiences but the Id favour if the author also concentrate equally on the leaders thoughts about the future. Secondly I felt that there was quite a bit of political commentary in the book. I knew that it was divergence to have some after reading the reviews while selecting the book, but the political leadership aspect seemed to be a comparatively one sided. I feel that the author could have refrained from making this political and focused instead on the corporate leadership aspect.

Terrorism and Technology Essay Example for Free

Terrorism and Technology EssayIndia and the linked States, the worlds two largest democracies, argon twain vulnerable to terrorist attacks. As an Indian participant in the workshop said, The more or less vulnerable states argon those with present societies that tolerate dissent. So far, India and the get together States have faced rather different forms of terror attacks. Notwithstanding the terrorist threat, modern industrial societies have some off desktop advantages. Their globose intelligence services and military presence, especi exclusivelyy when they cooperate with hotshot a nonher, may keep the terror networks off balance, and may be able to damage some of them and interrupt with their communications and money flows. Military action, or the threat of it, may discourage rogue states from supporting the terrorists.Neverthe little, passing efficient economies also acquire vulnerabilities and reduced resilience from the private sectors reluctance to cave in effi ciency to reduce blasting risks whose likelihood is difficult to estimated One area in which both India and the join States enjoy impressive capability is look for and innovation. Through the application of available or new technologies, states tooshie make cigarettes less vulnerable, thus less attractive. They tolerate limit the damage that may result from an attack, improver the speed of recovery, and provide forensic tools to identify the perpetrators. However, terrorist networks are led by well-educated and well-financed people who may also enjoy advanced proficient skills.If supported by a giving medication whose military mental hospital has developed weapons of mass destruction, these skills may be greatly amplified. Any technical outline for responding to the threat of catastrophic act of terrorism must address this event.fissile nuclear materials, tactical nuclear weapons, and radiological materialspathological organisms (human, plant, and animal)military-type unhealthful chemical weaponsinflammable, toxic, and explosive chemicals and materials in industrial practicecyberattacks and electromagnetic pulse (EMP) attacks on electronic targets (telecoms, data, or command and control centers)transportation systems utilize as delivery systems for weaponsexplosives, either conventional or derived from elicit oil and nitrogen fertilizer (ammonium nitrate), for example Benefits-revitalization of the usual health service for serving the customary health emergencys of communitiestechnical capability to respond even faster and more than than effectively to innate(p) biological threats such as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), West Nile computer virus, and monkey pox virusreduction in the number of illnesses caused by infection or poisoning of the victuals supplymore reliable electric power and other services, oddly in the face of hurricanes, floods, and earthquakesfurther improvements in the rubber standards of the chemical pers everancereduced incidence of cyber attacks by hackers and financial systems made more secure against stealth and malicious damage more efficient and prison termly tracking of goods in cut by dint of and billing for their corereduced risk to fire, police, and emergency health professionalsMITIGATION THE ROLE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGYNuclear and radiological ThreatsIf terrorists with a minimal take of scientific knowledge can acquire enough highly enriched uranium (HEU), they may be able to assemble an inefficient only effective nuclear weapon for burst in a major city. The countries are now co operational in safeguarding fissile material and blending peck stocks of HEU, but progress is far too slow. Even more dangerous is the possible availability to terrorists of washed-up nuclear weapons either stolen and sold from nuclear states or provided by rogue states capable of making them. The public must be educated on the nature of radiological threats, both from Radiation Dis persal Devices (dirty bombs) and from damage nuclear electric power plants and radioactive waste storage. Public ignorance most radiation hazards may arrive at a level of panic much more destructive than the radiation from which people may be fleeing..Biological Threats to People and Their Food SupplyResearch on pathogenesis of infectious agents, and in grumpy on means for early detection of the presence of such pathogens before their symptomatic appearance, is important. Nations will stockpile vaccines against known diseases, but the threat of genetic modificationwhile perhaps beyond the capability of most terrorists but not of rogue states assumes a vigorous research effort to find solutions for detection, evaluation, and response.In the United States the come to for infirmity Control and Prevention (CDC) provides a robust capability in epidemiology, but in that location is no resembling epidemiological response capability for possible biological attacks on agriculture an d farm animals. Thus, measures to harbor the food supply, and to provide decontamination after an attack, must have high formerity.Toxic Chemicals, Explosives, and Flammable Materials. Dangerous chemicals in transit should be tracked and identified electronically. To ensure that only first responders, and not terrorists, know what the tank cars contain, the rail cars should be equipped with encrypted electronic identification. Sensor networks are required to detect and characterize dangerous materials, particularly when they are airborne. Self-analyzing filter systems for modern office buildings whose windows cannot be opened can not only protect the inhabitants but also detect and report the first presence of materials (such as aerosols) that may be pin down in amend filters. An example of long-range, basic research that could be highly beneficial would be the stripping of olfactory biosensors than can reach dog levels of sensitivity, some 10,000 cadences that of humans.Comm unications and Information SystemsIn the United States the most urgent be intimate is to reconfigure first responder communications so that police, fire, and medical personnel can die with one another and with the emergency operations centers. Inability to do so greatly modify loss of life, especially among firefighters, in the World plenty Center attacks. The main worry about cyber attacks is the curtain raising of their use, perhaps with electromagnetic pulse devices as well, to amplify the destructive effect of a conventional forcible or biological attack.13 Cyber credentials is one of the top priority areas for research investment because private industry was, before September 11, 2001, largely content with the level of computer and network security available to it. A quite inadequate level of sophisticated talent is devoted to the goal of fully secure operating systems and networks.Transportation and BordersSensor networks for inspection of goods and passengers crossing the nationsborders will be a research priority. The primary technical contest will not be the design of sensors themselves, although much progress is call for in this area, but in the systems engineer of the networks of sensors together with data fusion and decision support software. biometrics for more secure identification of individuals shows promise, and systems superior to the drivers licenses and passports used by most travelers are promising. The range of threats to the transportation networks of a modern state is very great, and careful systems analysis is essential to identifying the creaky points and finding the most effective and economical means of protecting them.Cities and Fixed InfrastructureThe Emergency trading operations Centers (EOC) in many large U.S. cities are quite vulnerable, not only to a destructive somatic attack but to more indirect attacks on their ability to access data and to communicate through and through a cyber attack or electromagnetic puls e attack. Remedying these vulnerabilities must have high urgency in many cases the centers will have to be relocated. Tragically, the EOC in New York City was located in a known target, the World Trade Center. Much research is already under way to analyze the geomorphologic characteristics of high-rise buildings that may make them much more vulnerable than necessary. Without waiting for this research to result in revised building codes, the expert panel recommended immediate adoption and extension, where appropriate, of European standards for fire and blast, which were much improved following World War II. As already noted, air intakes for large buildings need to be less accessible and equipped with better air filters, perhaps with chemical analysis sufficient to determine if a toxic material is present.Instrumentation to allow first responders to detect toxic and hazardous materials special pabulum for protecting harbors, bridges, dams, tunnels, and dikes and protection against at tacks on urban water supplies downstream from the treatment plant are all discussed in Making the Nation Safer. How much of the long term, imaginative research and phylogeny envisioned in Making the Nation Safer has been undertaken by the Department of Homeland trade protection (DHS)? Not enough. The Science and Technology directorate of DHS does not have the scope of authority, nor the length of vision that the Academies study urged on Congress. Critics say that it has been difficult for DHS to catch anexpert staff with low enough turn over to build and execute the needed technical strategies. Nor has the Homeland Security Institute been given the necessary scope of independent system-level review of the DHS technical priorities. social RESPONSES TO TERRORIST THREATSthe public can also be an attack amplifier. The government faces a number of dilemmas, such as using a color-coded warning system to alert the public to the perceived likelihood of additional terrorist attacks. ma ny citizens feel that this system itself may needlessly amplify the threat, thus doing terrorists psychological job for them. An urgent issue to be addressed is for government to train and introduce to the public, well in advance of any attack, a number of trusted and knowledgeable people who are prepared to provide accurate and trustworthy reading quickly and authoritatively.TECHNICAL STRATEGIESFrom the great variety of threats studied by the National Academies experts, several commonsense conclusions about technical strategy can be extracted repair the weakest links (single-point failures) in vulnerable systems and fundaments use defenses-in-depth (do not rely only on perimeter defenses or firewalls) use circuit breakers to isolate and becalm failing system elements build security and flexibility into basic system designs where possible design systems for use by typical first respondersFocus priority attention on the system of systems technical challenge to understand and remedy the inherent weaknesses in critical infrastructure that are inherent in their architecture. train that first responders, including technical teams from critical infrastructure service industries, are properly trained and equipped, and the targets themselves are designed to be more resilient in the face of disaster. Emphasize the importance of flexibility and agility in responding to disasters that were not anticipated in the system design and personnel training. The last point is particularly important. future day attacks are likely to involve multiple complex systems. There are a number of dimensions to the systems engineering challenge of homeland security. The multiple critical industrial infrastructures are closely join.Almost all of the responses to terrorist threats requirethe concerned action of national agencies, state and local authorities, private companies, and in many cases, friendly nations. The technologies used in counterterrorism will themselves be coupled, compl ex systems. An evident example is the notion of complex networks of sensors that are coupled to databases, within which the network output is fused with other discipline, and from which sensible and useable information for local officials in Emergency Operations Centers must be provided. Thus, setting priorities requires modeling and simulating attack and response, and red teaming to test the durability of proposed solutions.Finally, there is a need to build up investments in the social sciences, which will be especially important in devising strategies for countering terrorism. Both the roots of terrorism and its consequences need to be better understood. favorable science can also contribute to a sustainable effort, involving multiple levels of government, with minimal economic cost, and where the perceived conflict between security activities and protection of individual freedom can best be aware and adjudicated.A SUSTAINABLE STRATEGY FOR HOMELAND SECURITYBecause major terro rist attacks against civil populations may be uninvolved by considerable intervals of time, there is reason to be concerned that the public will lose fill in the threat, and that none of the organizational or investment needs will be satisfactorily met. For these reasons, the strategy for maximizing civil benefits deserves high-priority attention. There are many obvious examples of how counter terror research and development can create values appreciated by the public and of economic value to firms, such as creation of a more agile vaccine development and production capability, information and communications networks that are more resistant to cyber attack, energy systems more robust in the face of natural disasters and human error, security technologies that are more effective yet more unobtrusive and convenient for the public.Sustainability will be a challenge for those in political power in the United States, for they find themselves compelled to emphasize the publics vulnerabi lity (for example, with the color-coded alert system, which is largely successful in making the public nervous) and at the same time to emphasize that the governments efforts have the terrorists on the run. Indeed, we can easily imagine thatterrorist organizations such as al Qaeda may deliberately wait long intervals between attacks to decrease the alertness of the targets defenses.SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONSThere are seven major points that I would conclude from this discussion. First, only a far-sighted foreign policy, addressing the roots of terrorism and denying terrorist ideologies a foothold in other societies, can make the United States and its allies safer in the long run. Second, weapons of mass destruction are potentially devastating, but the most seeming threats will be fashioned from the economy itself, as was the case on September 11, 2001. Private prop and commercial industry is most often the target of terrorist attacks, and may be providing the weapons for their own de struction. Thus, the federal government must devise both positive and negative incentives for private investments in hardening critical infrastructure and urban targets. Third, the protection of critical infrastructure must, to the extent possible, be accomplished through a civilian benefits maximisation strategy.Fourth, reducing vulnerabilities in critical infrastructure is a highly complex systems problem it requires a strategy tested by the most modern systems analytic approaches. Fifth, since most of the science and engineering science capability of market economy governments lies outside the security agencies, governments must be able to coordinate and fund a national science and technology strategy. Sixth, a degree of cooperation between industry, cities, and government unknown in prior experience is required. In particular, local authorities must have an effective voice in setting the technical agenda for equipment for which they are the customer. Finally, for the protection against terrorism to be sustainable, more than a civilian benefits maximization strategy is required. The negative effects on civil freedoms from change magnitude authority in the central government must be resisted, since the threat of terrorist attack is indefinite and emergency measures may never be relaxed.Now, allow us examine security. First, although science and technology will not solve all problems related to terrorism against the components making up a modern regional or national infrastructure, it can help in prevention, mitigation, and restoration if an attack or attacks are attempted or carried out. In other words, science and technology will help to reduce the threat ofterrorism, but it cannot eliminate it. Unfortunately, terrorism has become a fact of life. Whenever there are dissatisfied people who are willing to give up their own lives or do not value human life, it will be difficult to eliminate the threat of terrorist attacks. A specific point where science and technology can help is in the area of intelligence, by providing information about the potential for an act of terrorism to be conducted. For example, what is being done to sort through open communicationsboth e-mail and voice wirelessis rather startling both in bar and in degree of sophistication.There are programs, such as Trailblazer at the National Security Agency, that look for keywords and matches. Some of the recent terrorism alerts have been based on information gathered through these programs. There is another aspect that inexorably links infrastructure and security. The more sophisticated, complicated, or technologically evolved the infrastructure, that is, the more fragile it is, the more difficult it is to secure against terrorism and the greater theneed for science and technology solutions. The latter was the particular challenge that we were confronted with at the National Academies in producing the report entitled Making the Nation Safer.50 What can and should be d one incrementally as society becomes more and more complex, sophisticated, and interdependent? How do you establish layers of protection because of increased vulnerability? First, communication and coordination is required. When the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks occurred, the New York City Response Center was in the World Trade Center.So the ability of the fire and police departments within New York City to respond was hampered operosely because there was no way to centralize and coordinate the actions of the first responders. The lesson to be learned is that redundant response centers are needed for just this sort of contingency. The lack of communication was another lesson coming from the World Trade Center disaster. There is a definite need to have common systems that will allow all parties to communicate seamlessly Regarding building structures, another lesson can be drawn from the attack on the Pentagon. The Pentagon was hit exactly at the point between a impertinentl y restored portion of the Pentagon and the old Pentagon. While there was damage to the newly restored section, there was no structural failure to that part of the building. The walls absorbed the energy of the crash. In contrast, the old Pentagon suffered severe damage.Its walls collapsed. Most of the loss of life was in the old part of the Pentagon. The lesson here is to incorporate blast-resistant designs and materials into high-profile buildings For cities, one of the areas that is most in need of immediate attention is the ability to respond to catastrophic events. There is a need for simulation models, improved communications, and associated training. There is also a need to conduct systems analyses of responses to events in both berth and time. For transportation systems, there is an immediate need for intelligent information agents for cargo. These agents would include a combination of global positioning systems and sensors to detect intruders and, possibly, the presence of certain materials as well as shipping documents detailing the contents. such agents would be installed on every freight car in a rail system, every container on a ship, and every container transported by truck.Thus, one could monitor at every point in time exactly where each container or rail car is, what it contains, its destination, and whether there has been any attempt to tamper with or enter it. The various pieces of the so-called intelligent agent exist today and have been used on a limited basis. Efforts are under way to marry these various components into the type of agent I have described. Cargo see technology is complementary to the intelligent agents. While cargo scanners do exist, there is a need to integrate various components into a one-stop shop to monitor for specific items or radioactivity. The scanning equipment should be located at the point of embarkation of the container to prevent lethal weapons from reaching their intended destination.What good would it be t o identify a nuclear weapon in a container as you offload it in New York Harbor?53 Transportation technology needs to extend beyond the cargo. There is a compelling need to develop means of rapidly identifying people, checking them and their luggage. Although there are systems in place today, the virtuous numbers of people and locations is daunting. The use of biometrics would greatly alleviate this problem, while increasing the confidence level of the security forces. Rapidly deployable barriers to keep underground structures and tunnels from being flooded are another need.

The Ideal Ruler for Goldings Island Essay Example for Free

The Ideal Ruler for Goldings Island probe* In chapter one, Ralph was given sole responsibility of chief on the island, with Jack becoming his hunters. Throughout the novel, we fulfill things gradually begin to break up on the island, and precise much of this is down to Ralphs poor attractership and bumptious skills. Alone, Ralph was a really poor shine up, leading to the break-up and ultimately the destruction of the island. However, if the leader had all of Ralph, Jack, Piggy and Simons qualities, things could puddle been genuinely(prenominal) different. * The first case that an ideal chief should film is intelligence and knowledge. Ralph has never been shown as having much intelligence, or knowledge of the wider creation. An role model of this is where he is trying to reas confident(predicate) the sons of being rescued and says that the Queen has a huge map and his father in the Navy will be able to rescue them in no time. Piggy has intelligence of adult things, for example he knows what a conch is, and also about rocknroll pools. Jack however has knowledge of practical things, much(prenominal) as how to gut and kill a pig. two the scientific knowledge that Piggy has, and the practical knowledge that Jack has would help to create a absolute leader* To be a unassailable leader, you must nourish a lot of assertiveness and be able to enforce the rules to people even when they do not want to follow them. Ralph was not adapted of this, and an example is when Jack tried to undermine his authority by saying the conch doesnt count on this quality of the island. Instead of standing up to Jack, and continuing to enforce the rules, he just accepts this. Jack however does have this quality, and this great ability to keep people in their places is shown by the twins Samneric staying rigidly in their places as Ralph tries to talk to them and bring them back to his camp.* Simon and Piggy are both very caring towards the littleuns. These qualities would be very functionful in building the perfect leader, as they puke do vital work towards the island as swell up. It is also better to keep all the people n the island happy, no matter how big or small.* To be a good leader, you must recognise other peoples strengths and find a way to use them. Ralph here makes a good leader as he can see other peoples strengths. An example of this is where he says that Jack and his choir can be hunters. Although this undermines his authority, he can see that Jack does have potential that will help the island. He could also see that Piggy had great knowledge, and although he wasnt very good at physical work, Ralph used Piggys vast knowledge to his advantage.* Simon is a very kind, gentle boy who is in touch with nature. He is willing to get on with hard work, and does not expect thanks. This would be very useful, as the origination does not want leaders that need to be praised and thanked for everything they do. The world of necessity leader s which can get on and show that they love the world and people without constantly needing worry and thanks, as we see in Jack with his hunters saluting him after anything he says,* Simon and Ralph both hold good invigorating set. An example of this is how Ralph wants the boys to stay clean, and not wear war paint and to tidy their hair. As a leader, values are implied and so it is vital that these values are ones that will help the island to thrive.* To be an effective leader, the leader must be able to communicate. Jack is very charismatic, and is able to dedicate a good twist on things to be able to convince his peers that his ideas and values are the correct ones. Ralph also has this ability, but begins to regress it, as we see from where he cannot make speeches without stopping and pausing, and therefore he does not communicate well towards the end as he is stumbling. On the world stage, Golding was trying to show that a world leader must be able to communicate and have c harisma to get themselves out of bad situations, much(prenominal) as* Planning and organising is a vital part of becoming a good leader. Ralph has very good proviso skills, as we know from where he plans out each part of his speech to make sure that it is effective. When they first came onto the island, Ralph also organised the signal fire and the construction of the shelters. This quality would help to form a perfect leader as the organisational skills to be rescued. On the world stage, Golding was trying to show that someone with the planning and organisation skills to be a good leader would be inevitable, as often sticky situations, such as an unnecessary war arise from poor organising, such as failing to obtain the necessary evidence which would have prevented it.* In the novel, we know that Ralph and Jack are two halves of a perfect person. They both have incredible charisma, however Ralph is very relate with organisation and planning and Jack is very concerned with hunting to provide for himself and other hunters. Piggy has so much knowledge, and is the voice of reason between the group.This quality would help to create the perfect leader, as disputes between other people on the island/in the world need to be sorted out by someone who can see reason. However he is not good at communicating, and this would need the skills of either Ralph or Jack to sort out the dispute. Simon is very spiritually aware, and is capable of getting on with a task with receiving no thanks. This quality would be very useful on the island/to the world as you often need a right hand humankind to help instruct the main leader who receives little or no thanks.* Looking at these points, we can see that combined, Ralph ,Jack, Piggy and Simon would all form the perfect leader if we drew only on their strengths and put aside their weaknesses. On the world stage Golding was trying to show that if we all pull together, and each draw on everyones good points but forget the bad points , we will have perfect leaders and the world will be able to get on in harmony.

Depression Research Paper Essay Example for Free

Depression Research Paper Essay people every day be diagnosed with mental and emotional ailmentes that completely change their lives. Depression is one of the much affectiones that take its toll on an average person. Medical experts believe that depression causes more disability through reveal the world than almost any former(a) medical illness or disorder (World Book). Depression affects more Americans than cancer, AIDS, or coronary heart disease. About one in five Americans will develop a mood disorder, usually depression, at whatsoever point in his or her life (O. Hyde and Forsyth 7). In some cases chemics that brain cells use to communicate are out of balance and causes depression (CQ Researcher). Many recognized with this unhealthiness may non believe they can live a familiar life. However a long-suffering diagnosed with depression can lead a normal life by taking practice of medicine, different types of therapy, and solveing conduct from family and friends. How did my sister fall through a hole in her life and into some other life below?(Schumacher 3). Depression brings about emotional stateings other than sadness that affects a longanimous role each and every day. I cant describe it, Dora said. I dont know how (Schumacher 40). plurality dealing with this illness pick up it hard to explain the feeling. Its like being trapped and you feel completely stuck, it unfeignedly effect how you think every day (Anonymous). When one is depressed they feel miserable and lose invade in all activity. All I cute to do was sleep I never wanted to go out and lost a lot of connection from my friends (Anonymous). A drowning person doesnt saving herself, I said I pictured Dora Struggling and drowning. Which is why its so important-for your sister and for everyone else-that she stop to swim (Schumacher 116). Depression is al moods described as being lost or being stuck in a black hole, it seems like there is no way out of it, but with a diminishe d help there is.Doctors are now able to diagnose and treat depression with medications better than they were in advance (CQ Researcher). It depends on the severity you have it, for more severe cases medication is definitely helpful. Depression, in most cases is fairish a chemical unbalance and taking medication can balance everything out and make you feel more normal (Anonymous). Antidepressants are the category of medication used to help treat the chemical imbalance that causes depression. Taking medications, such as antidepressants, is not necessary in all cases of this illness. My mummy definitely had a more severe case than I did, she took medication and you could tell the difference in her mooddrastically changed and she spent more time with us as opposed to when she wasnt taking antidepressants (Anonymous). Antidepressants increase the compliments of neurotransmitters in the brain. Antidepressants do not work immediately. After numerous weeks of treatment the receptors be come less handsome and depression lifts (World Book). There are three different types of antidepressants. One type is selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), which is one of the newer drugs that aid depression.SSRIs pr yett brain cells from reabsorbing extra neurotransmitters after the chemicals have delivered their messages. It focuses on one specific neurotransmitter alone, serotonin (O. Hyde and H. Forsyth 54). Another type is tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) which along with SSRIs moolah the brain from receiving excessive neurotransmitters, but this category focuses on both types of neurotransmitters serotonin and norepinephrine (O. Hyde and H. Forsyth 53). Tricyclic refers to the chemical structure of the compounds.The third type of antidepressant is monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) which inhibit a protein that breaks down excess neurotransmitters, norepinephrine (World Book). Patients on monoamine oxidase norepinephrine have to avoid foods containing tyramine ( O. Hyde and H. Forsyth 55). These three types of antidepressants all help to chemically balance the brain and helps dumbfound a enduring back on track to live a normal life. Although antidepressants bring perceptual constancy to a depressed person there are some grimace effects. Some side effects include weight loss, weight gain, nausea, dry mouth, dizziness, sweating, tremor, sleep disturbances, blurred vision, seizures, and yawning (Schumacher 106).A bunch of the side effects are major but are mostly non-persistent or might not even occur. Some see the side effects not being worth it. My mom saw that reinforcement a more normal life was worth a few side effects that likely werent going to happen (Anonymous). Therapy is another way patients with depression can cope. There are two different types of therapy a person suffering depression can take on. Many patients benefit from psychotherapy which can focus on improving thinking, problem solving, improving personal relationships , or increasing gratifying activities (World Book). Psychotherapy helps depression caused mostly by an emotional imbalance. Cognitive therapy is a branch of psychotherapy that is ground off the idea that depressed people have distorted views of the world, the future and themselves.It helps correctthe negative thoughts that are developed in the brain of a patient. Behavioral therapy is another subdivision of psychotherapy used. Behavioral therapy is alike(p) to cognitive therapy in that it alters ones thought patterns and changes their behavior. One last stem of psychotherapy is psychodynamic therapy which takes people into their past to find out unresolved problems and helps a person understand and cope with their conflicts (O. Hyde and H. Forsyth 67). At first I tangle awkward talking to someone I didnt know, even though there was a confidentially thing it was hard to trust my therapist. After a while though, it was good talk and get things out, it helped with my batty depressi on and self-harm I went through (Anonymous). Talking to a therapist helps the mind of a depressed patient get back to where it needs to be. If medication and psychotherapy fail, electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) may be prescribed by a doctor. Electroconvulsive therapy was also previously known as electroshock therapy.Electroconvulsive therapy is for patients who havent responded to any other treatment. It uses electrically induced seizures for a therapeutic effect. Before the procedure anesthesia is typically given so that the patient doesnt make any uneasiness or feel the electric current and knowingly experience the seizure. The use of ECT is to treat hospitalized patients who remain severely depressed with suicidal thoughts. Electroconvulsive therapy commonly restores these depressed patients to a normal mental state (World Book). Most patients who use ETC and do not follow it up with medication will relapse back into a depressed state. Physicians have no idea how ETC brings one o ut of depression. Many patients who severely suffer from depression feel that the treatment of electroconvulsive therapy is worth the risk (O. Hyde and H. Forsyth 66). Another way a depressed person can strive to live a normal life is to gain support from friends and family. Do me a favor? She asked, with her mouth by my ear. Sure, I said Name it. still me, she said (Schumacher 29). If a patient knows that they unendingly have friends and family to fall back on if they need anything and then it makes one feel more comfortable.Friends helped me a lot they understood me on a different direct than my family did. My family sometimes didnt understand the reasons why I was depressed and upset and they never knew what to say to me because it alter them also (Anonymous). Times when a depressed person cant turn to their therapist they always have friends and family around tosupport them. If family and friends do not treat the patient like they have an illness then they are less likely t o feel out of place in everyday activities. If others touch the person suffering from depression act different towards them it wont help in the attend to for them to exist in a normal life. Ive read this quote somewhere and I love it, People who are not depressed see the world the way they want to see it. People who are depressed see the world the way it actually is. It seems relevant (Anonymous). Depression changes a patients entire life. They are left exhausted physically and emotionally and not wanting to do anything. The illness brings out emotions in a person that is indescribable.They think about all the bad things in reality and not the things that make life happier. All the conflicting emotions may make it look as if its impossible to lead a normal functioning life. Having a regular being is not unfeasible to achieve with a little help. Depression can be a chemical or emotional imbalance, or maybe a combination of both. Some things bring it out more than other things (Anon ymous). However a patient diagnosed with depression can lead a normal life by taking medication such as antidepressants, trying different types of therapy like psychotherapy or electroconvulsive therapy, and gaining constructive support from family and friends. At first it was truly one of the toughest battles I had to go through, especially because of the history with my mom dealing with it, slowly but surely I conquered through it, no one treats me differently, its normal (Anonymous).

Cross Cultural Perspectives Essay Example for Free

Cross Cultural Perspectives EssayThe Microsoft muckle is a fortune euchre company that ranked 35 on the fortune 500 list in 2013 (Fortune 500, 2013) and is one of the largest business corporations in the world. It was founded in 1975 by two guys named Paul Allen and Bill Gates, the business genuine very rapidly as the years went by and reached a marker of 89,000 employees, with a revenue of $62 billion sawhorses and had offices located all over the world (Fortune 500, 2011).From the initial headquarters that is held in Albuquerque New Mexico, the Microsoft familiarity steadily increased the offices held deep down the United States and expanded that to include more than 100 countries abroad. This expansion into assorted countries became a challenge beca social occasion of having to embrace with new lifestyles, new cultures, people, and languages. Proper research needed to be conducted not to mention the implementation of a proper working strategy to help the integration of these new morals and cultures into those of the Microsoft Corporation.The homepage of the Microsoft Corporation shargons a summarized version of its culture and says We as individuals and as a company value honesty, integrity, formative self criticism, cle bedness, mutual respect, and continual self improvement (Microsoft Corporation, 2011). The Microsoft Corporation a worry presents their official responsibilities as image of their good obligation. We at the Microsoft Corporation hold ourselves account adequate to(p) to our shareholders, customers, employees, and partners, and we do this by honoring our commitment, providing results, and striving for the highest note possible (Microsoft Corporation, 2011).When making a move into new cultures and countries, it becomes very important for employees old and new to not only understand but also accept the Microsoft Corporations ethics and culture. As we all know Microsoft products are used all over the world in both businesses and homes. When they first made the decision to open an office in Lebanon, a majority of the computers ran on the Microsoft Windows operating system and the Windows Office program was the closely popular word processing and spreadsheet program.However, there was a problem and that problem was the fact that there was a bunch of versions of this system that had been pirated and distributed in that country. In a country where buying a five dollar pirated package program from a local computer store made it a little fleshy in terms of convincing some people that it was not only unethical but also illegal. This brings ab kayoed the question of, How is The Microsoft Corporation going to sell authentic versions of their software when there are pirated versions cosmos distributed at such a cheaper price not to mention a lack of government support involved?Because of this, Microsoft proceeded to send letters to these major administrations warning them against using this pirated software . They also suffered to visit these businesses in parliamentary law to conduct a site survey so that assessments could be made in terms of what software would fit the company the best and at what the cost would be. The Microsoft Corporation also provided the organization that be countenanced ethically and invited Microsoft in for the survey assessment Microsoft turned around and gave them a very good price deal on the software.Microsoft also introduced to them a payment facility for the companies that had to make large purchases of the software in order to crap licenses for the pirated software they already had in place. Everyone knows that not all organizations and businesses operate within ethical boundaries. Lebanon, just like the U. S. , is similar in the fact that it is an individualist culture. However, bribery is common throughout this country. Microsoft has an ethical standard that is against these subjects of acts and it is solely against their integrity.It was however , improbable to sell these authentic copies to many another(prenominal) of these businesses without presenting these managers with some type of gift in exchange. Some of these organizations proceeded to offer gifts to the Microsoft Corporations employees. They in return were hoping for some type of special discount, or a deal would not work out. The Microsoft Corporation has an ethical obligation to their shareholders and that obligation is to protect and increase the value of the shares. The Microsoft Corporation has to be able to earn a said profit in order for the share determine to increase.On a bad note, Microsoft arousenot legitimately sell software copies in a country that has decadence and bribery within its ethics and culture. According to Transparency International The transparency in Lebanon ranked 2. 5 out of 10 in the world in 2010 (Corruption Perception Index 2010 Results, 2010). When comparing that score to 8. 9 out of 10 in Canada and 7. 1 out of 10 in the United States, the difference is instead staggering. Microsoft has to be able to find a way to adapt their approach in order to answer some type of successful business in the country of Lebanon.According to the text book The biggest radical of anxiety for business people in America who operate abroad is the expectations of bribes and payoffs (Trevino Nelson, 2007). When the Microsoft management team was face up with bribes or offerings in order to sell their software to the organizations who where operating on pirated copies, they in return chose to use an ethical model in order to make a decision in regards of choosing which course of meet would be best to take.The judicial systems of these countries that have a low transparency, that are similar to those in Lebanon, are very weak. So filing a lawsuit against the businesses that are running the pirated versions of the Microsoft software programs would turn out to be very costly, time consuming and whitethorn end up yielding no type of results in the end. Management teams that are faced with different types of ethical situations can apply different types of ethical models in order to help assist in the process of decision making.In the case of bribing a manager of an organization in order to purchase software that is legal, it is possible that they could apply the utilitarianism ethical model. By looking at the result, it might be easy to try and make a decision on whether or not the employees at the Microsoft Corporation may try and bribe a business into buy Microsoft software that is legal. On a positive note, Microsoft selling more software to organizations and businesses that need it or may already be using it may help in the reduction of software being pirated within the country.The share prices at Microsoft are being maintained by the revenue and the employees receiving a commission. On the invalidating side, if a bribe is being paid to an employee or a member of the business or an organization who is purchasing the Microsoft software. The Utilitarianisms ethical model shows approval of this as a decision that is ethical. Being able to apply different ethical models, such as the deontological model may end up having different ending results. The question that this raises is Should allbusinesses or organizations pay some type of bribe or bribes in order to help sell their products? The answer to this naturally is, no. Global businesses are faced with many different challenges everyday as they expand into different foreign organizations. Ethical challenges will always spring for an organization as they expand. The ethical decisions made in regards to different business matters can usually be solved by applying the different ethical models that are available.There are plenty of tools available for dower solve arising ethical problems and they need to be used so they may be helpful in making solutions. With the launch of Microsoft in the country of Lebanon they need to confront t hese ethical issues of bribery so that they can enter the market. The Microsoft Corporation must learn to adapt their policies in order to comply with the ethical standards they have in the country of Lebanon. References Corruption Perception Index, 2010 results (2010).Transparency International Retrieved August 11, 2013 from https//www. transparency. org/policy_research/surveys Fortune Global 500 (2011) CNN Money, Retrieved August 11, 2013 from https//money. cnn. com/magazines/fortune/global500/2011 Microsoft Corporation (2011) About Microsoft, Retrieved August 10, 2013 from https//www. microsoft. com/about/en/us/default. aspx Trevino. L. K Nelson. K. L (2007) Retrieved August 9, 2013 from Managing Business Ethics (4th Ed). Hoboken, NJ John Wiley Sons.