After Apple Picking :: After Apple Picking

After Apple Picking   In Frosts poetry any deviation, not just from the iambic foot but from the iambic pentameter line as well, is an important marker of the speakers state of mind, his control, and his capacity for irony. After Apple Picking keeps resolutely reverting to pentameter lines, but the speaker is drowsy, and the opening twelve-syllable line - My long two-pointed ladders sticking through a tree - is like the last murmured words before sleep. Of course, it also represents, as does the whole masterful structure of the poem, Frosts own precise control of tone, as he creates a speaker who is precariously upon his way to sleep. This fatigued vulnerability manifests itself in an escalating slippage of control from ten-syllable lines to foreshortened lines like For all / That struck the earth, or eleven-syllable lines like No matter if not bruised or spiked with stubble. And as the speaker moves toward an increasing acquaintance of the symbolic underpinnings of his exhaust ion, which is the result not just of his picking apples but of other more visceral frustrations and fears, the frequency of these variations increases. (Lines 1, 2, 14, 16, 18, 19, 25, 27, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 39, and 42 vary from the pentameter only lines 18 and 34 are extra-syllabic.) His awareness and fear of this loss of control are manifested in the final lines The woodchuck could say whether its like his Long sleep, as I make its coming on, Or just some human sleep. What he fears is not so much death as the very state the poem has mimicked - that is, a suspension between not-life and not-death where language is narcotized toward incoherence and uncontrol. . . . . Matter . . . makes itself felt even as it capitulates to its own variable nature. If the apple will fall in After Apple Picking, if it, like the speaker on his way to dreaming, is about to go bruised to the cider heap where it will be pressed into an essence of itself, it all the same maintains through all its tr ansmutations an identifiable appleness. The apple holds, against the authoritative prosodic erosion of waking reality into dream state, its own sensual place as an innate ingredient in the spell to which the speaker is succumbing.

Down Syndrome :: Biology Chromosome Disorders

Karyotype is the characteristic chromosome complements of a eukaryotic species and they ar arranged in homologous pairs. There are many ab ruler chromosomes and some of them are Turner syndrome, Klinifelter syndrome, Edwardss syndrome, tear syndrome and Patau syndrome. The abnormal chromosome that I was given was called Down Syndrome or trisomy 21. We could recognize this disease by looking at the Karyotype because a normal karyotype has two- 21 chromosome but in Down syndrome there are three- 21 chromosomes. My Karyotype chart represented a male. I realized this because there was one X chromosome and other one was Y chromosome. The disease assigned to me was caused by sex chromosomes which affects both males and females. The Down syndrome could be notified before a child was born. The symptoms of this disease start more that 50 characteristics. The general characteristics were the growth of the child which would be slower than the average, weak muscles, excess fat and skin, short arms and short legs. The facial features of the good deal with down syndrome was also different from the average, such as small and low set ears, asymmetric shaped mouth and tongue, tissue built-up on the iris and irregular or crooked teeth, which was produced late. It would be fairly easy to understand the cause of Down syndrome (DS). Most people have 23 pairs of chromosomes (total of 46), but a scotch with Down syndrome had 47 chromosomes. One of the two parents might be a balanced carrier of translocation. This would happen when translocation of 21 chromosomes attached to another chromosome. There is no specific treatment for Down syndrome at present, but the technology will find a solution soon, for such diseases. There is a treatment which is called Down syndrome treatment and it focuses on controlling the symptoms and the characteristics of the syndrome.

Poe :: essays research papers

Edgar Allan PoeLiterary critism is extremely essential in the understanding of literature works. Critism on Edgar Allan Poe varies with poems, short stories, and other literary works. Harold Bloom has published two go fors maybe even more on the critism and interpretation of Edgar Allan Poes works. In both of these books there are other authors and critics, explaing and evaluating Poes works. Some critical view points are on his poems, others are on his short stories, and some are just on his style of writing. Since Edgar Allan Poe has published more poems and short stories over a period of time it is no wonder why there is so much critism on his works.In Daniel Hoffmans book Poe Poe Poe Poe , he tells a story about a professor who is to lecture about Poes poetry. Before the professor begins to read one of Poes poems, he states No poet in the English tongue who is still read with reverence has committed such gaffes against the genius of our language, nor has written lines of com parable banality. ( Hoffman, p. 20 ). This explains how other poets evaluate and admire the poems written by Edgar Allan Poe . There is non just admiration and respect for Poes poems, there is also negative critism. A critic named stool Neal statedIf Edgar Allan Poe of Baltimore whose lines About Heaven , though he professes to r-Egard them as all together superior to any thing in the whole range of American poetry,Save two or three trifles referred to, are non-sense, rather exquisite nonsense- would but dohimself justice (he) might make a beautiful and possibly a magnificent poem. (Neal, p. 35).This is not exactly negative critisim, but it is not recognizing Poe as a magnificent poet as most other people do. Shoshana Felman does not give her own opinion of Poe, but tells how the rest of society sees him. She states the Poe is both highly acclaimed, and violently disclaimed as a poet. She also says that he is the most controversial, and exhaustively misunderstood figure in the American literary scene.Not only are Poes poems controversial and misunderstood, but so are his short stories or tales . Not everybody finds them controversial though, some people admire them and find genius in them. D.H. Lawrence sees Poe more as a scientist than an artist. D.H.

Richard Gatling - The Gatling Gun :: essays research papers

Richard Jordan Gatling was born in January 1818 in Winton North Carolina, and died at the old age of 85 in 1903. Gatlings career as an inventor began when he assisted his father in the construction of machines for sowing cottonseeds, and also for thinning cotton plants. He fagged a lot of time in the fields with his father who helped him build some of his inventions. Richard Jordan Gatling was a medical doctor with numerous patents for his farm equipment inventions. To his credit he came up with the famous 1862-model Revolving Battery Gun, that is now referred to as the Gatling artillery unit. The 1862-model was one of the first reliable Revolving guns, but still had a few problems that needed to be fixed. Richard was not the first to manufacture a multi-fire weapon, but his was the first multi-fire gun used in war because of its fast, rapid fire, and ease to use. Major General Ben F. Butler purchased 12, 1862-model gatling guns for $ gram each and used them successfully at the ba ttle of Petersburg in 1863. In 1865 Gatlings improved model, the 1865-gun was tested by the Ordnance Department. One of the changes between the improved Gatling gun and the old one, was that the new weapon used rim fire copper-cased pick-me-ups instead of the steel-chambered paper kind. Though this model did not see service, it was adopted officially in 1866. The military was so pleased with the performance of the Gatling gun that it has been used in every battle since it was invented to this day and has been continuously upgraded and improved. Having received government approval, Gatling began to sell his guns passim the world. This was a big mark in Richardss future, he had gone from working in the fields to developing a gun that is used end-to-end the military of the world. The gun was a hand-crank-operated weapon with six barrels revolving around a central shaft. Having a gun that revolves was very difficult because the barrels would not always line up correctly when being fi red. The original gun was actually designed to fire the standard military issue paper cartridge of the day, .58 caliber. A .58 caliber bullet has a diameter of an inch and is capable of damaging anything it hits. The paper cartridge was placed inside a steel or brass chamber with a percussion nipple on the back end just like the muzzle loading rifles and pistols of there time.

The Deceitful George in John Steinbecks Of Mice and Men :: Steinbeck Of Mice and Men Essays

The Deceitful George in Of Mice and Men   Steinbeck gives a lot of reasons for George to stay with Lennie, barely his critics also have some merit in their criticism that the story isnt believable.  Steinbecks critics suggest that Steinbeck is simply sentimental in this regard. There are some actually compelling reasons George would like to stay with Lennie... but being sentimental, towards Lennie has nothing to do with it.   George and Lennies ultimate goal is to get the jack together, buy a few state of land they can call their own, an live off the fatta the lan (pg. 14).  George talks in great depth about how their dream house is going to have individual rooms, a kitchen with a fat iron stove, and an orchard.  But, George only recites this yarn when he wants to get Lennie calmed down.  Lennie has the mentality of an 8 year old, the memory of a senile 80 year old, and only desires to t subvert rabbits.  George fully understands that Le nnie can easily be manipulated. Even though the dream to have a piece of land is shared, George knows that by himself he cannot amass a large enough stake, to buy it himself (pg. 33).  Just as the boss thought, George was takin his pay away from him (pg. 22).   Throughout the story George recites a rendering of how easy his life could be if he didnt have to keep up with Lennie. God amighty, he could get a job, an work, an no trouble (pg. 11).  At the end of the month, he could take his 50 bucks and go into town and buy whatever he wanted.  George says these things like hes only teasing, but in actuality hes dead serious.  George started building his exculpation when he first arrived at the farm.  He wanted to seem like he deeply cared for Lennie, and that Lennie was an overall good person.  George then strengthened his alibi, and gave a glance of his true motives when he talked to George about why he stopped making fun of Lennie.  Geor ge said that he told Lennie to jump in, and that Lennie did it and he damn near drowned (pg.

The Deceitful George in John Steinbecks Of Mice and Men :: Steinbeck Of Mice and Men Essays

The Deceitful George in Of Mice and Men   Steinbeck gives a lot of reasons for George to rest with Lennie, but his critics also use up just about merit in their criticism that the story isnt believable.  Steinbecks critics suggest that Steinbeck is simply sentimental in this regard. There are some very compelling reasons George would like to stay with Lennie... but being sentimental, towards Lennie has nothing to do with it.   George and Lennies ultimate goal is to get the jack together, buy a few acres of bring they can call their own, an live off the fatta the lan (pg. 14).  George talks in great depth about how their dream house is going to have individual rooms, a kitchen with a fat iron stove, and an orchard.  But, George only recites this yarn when he wants to get Lennie calmed down.  Lennie has the mentality of an 8 year old, the memory of a antique 80 year old, and only desires to tend rabbits.  George fully understands that Len nie can easily be manipulated. Even though the dream to have a piece of land is shared, George knows that by himself he cannot amass a large enough stake, to buy it himself (pg. 33).  Just as the boss thought, George was takin his pay away from him (pg. 22).   Throughout the story George recites a description of how easy his life could be if he didnt have to keep up with Lennie. God amighty, he could get a job, an work, an no trouble (pg. 11).  At the end of the month, he could take his 50 bucks and go into town and buy whatever he wanted.  George says these things like hes only teasing, but in actuality hes dead serious.  George started twist his alibi when he first arrived at the farm.  He wanted to seem like he deeply cared for Lennie, and that Lennie was an overall good person.  George then strengthened his alibi, and gave a glimpse of his true motives when he talked to George about why he stopped making fun of Lennie.  George said t hat he told Lennie to jump in, and that Lennie did it and he damn to the highest degree drowned (pg.

Should Government Attempt to Control Human Population Growth?

Human population grows, and it has been calculated that by the year 2050 there give be over 9 billion people in the instauration. As a result of that the amount of land per person exit get dropped to less than one square inch. It is lighten that population growth must stop in few close future due to various factors (Issitt, 1). Shortage in food and wet, limited energy, pollution, dying of plants and animals, and many more some other shortages after part be count as those factors. Controlling population growth is essential for to each one person in the world as it might ca delectation many grievous situations.Each person has to know how exactly dangerous is overpopulation. politics has to stop this growth somehow by educating families slightly family readying, service women to get better financial progress, make a law to protect ecosystem and pr compensatet illegal immigrants growth. Population growing is very dangerous especially for developing countries. Governments of those countries do not have easy job, and many of them use very drastically moves. china is one of them, where many kids have been killed, for the most part girls.It is necessary to do something to stop population growth, but many people argue how, and what tools should be used to stop this growing. To decrease population giving medication has to instruct families about family planning. According to the United Nations (UN), the compassionate population has been growing at a graze of over 1. 2 percent, approximately 70 zillion persons each year. In the early twenty-first century, Africa had the highest birth rates in the world due to the infrequent use of contraceptive techniques (Issitt, 1).This authority that promoting contraception techniques would drop this rate down. When couples are given the opportunity to see how their large families are affecting resources and the environs around the world, government can begin to solve the problem by increasing the availability of birth get the hang. However, this might not be that easy and even government give this opportunity couples really will have to use it. There have to be provided gibe over family size. mainland China as one of the biggest counties in the world deals with the problem of overpopulation.According to Karin Evans One Child-Policy was established in China in 1980 where government wedged a foot into the bedroom door of every household in China Use whatever means you must to reduce the population, but do it came the edict (98). The government believes that by making this policy will help to decrease population growth. Also the China leadership believed that fever mouths to feed meant a better chance at prosperity for more people. A rising standard of living meant better betting odds for political stability and a place for China in the world hierarchy states Karin Evans in The One-Child, Maybe-One-More Policy (97).China is one of the countries where birth control and family planning was not provided to people as supposed to be. Instead of that government allowed the family planning workers to watch women if they are not gravid. There were also given to them permissions but if women became pregnant without it, they were sent to do abortion. Micah Issitt states in his article Counterpoint Controlling Population Growth is Essential that Contraception is absolutely necessary for effective population control and must be fully integrated into society if there is to be any hope of reversing these population growth trends (4).Both of the author shows how important can be contraception and family planning, as it could prevent things that happened in China. What was happening in China is very awful and sad. It is not understand fitting how government, who stands for people protection, can in the same time go against it. umteen women in China follow very old method, such as women should stay home and take caveat of kids and house. What if the government let them work and success? To stop overpopulation government can help women to get better financial progress. This will cause that many women will have to delay having kids.If the government invests in women, give them opportunity to expand financially, educationally and socially, women will take an advantage of this. It will give ladies opportunity to control their life, they will be able to make the decision when to have kids, or even have them at all. When women see that opportunity given by government help them get out of poverty, they will work harder to save more money. If they see that those savings works, they will want to save even more. Those savings comes from their thinking that it will give better future for their kids. However, in China not everywhere One Child Policy works.There are some regions where campestral peoples who motifed more hands to work the land were allowed to have more than one child without penalty. In sparsely populated rural areas the policy was two-child policy, even a three-child policy, if a family could show sufficient economic need for another child, or if the area wasnt closely monitored (Evans 104). That means if any regions in China need more hands to work, government allowed parents to have more children. Anyhow, there was also kind of law, that parents should have a boy, because it will take care of his parents when they will be old.In addition, girls were not allowed to get a life. In that time, a lot of girls were killed, not only after they were born, but also in some point of their mother pregnancy. Government must be aware of that it cannot take over peoples lives, tell them how many kids they can have, if they can have boys or girls. Rather than that they should invest in women, and help them develop financially. Women knowledge about growing population and economical development should be put in the first place as soon we might have lack of basic supplies and our ecosystem will be destroyed.Population growth has big impact o n our environment. According to the Carrying Capacity Network, the US will lose its ability to export food by about 2030 if current growth trends continue. This would cost us about $40 billion in annual income. If the US population continues to explode, the global economy will eventually have a serious problem with return and demand as a result of our enormous per capita consumption of materials (Reynolds). Hinrichsen and Robey in their post in site www. actionbioscience. rg state that soon there will not be enough food as the population growth faster than is able to produce supplies. Fresh water, oceans, seas, forests will notice shortages. This is all caused by people, who need more water, who need more fishes that live in rivers, seas and oceans, who need more wood to produce supplies that are necessary to live. Issitt mentions The earth is not equipped to negociate the growing human population. Only 13 percent of the earth is classified as arable land, and this small percentag e is divided between agricultural territory, human settlements and land set aside for preserving ecosystems.There is simply insufficient space to accommodate both a growing human population and the variety of species that opine on the same environmental resources. (2) That means if population will grow, we will not have enough space to build houses as well as place where we can produce food. Government should not allow getting out from water that many fishes. Soon people will have to advertise to get food. It is important that government should take care more about our ecosystem as well as all people. People cannot live without water, but if water is not clear, they cannot live also.Dirty water will cause that people will be having serious health problems or even they will be dying. According to Issitt Population growth increases the potential for direct conflict between humans and other species. Humans kill animals and plants for a variety of reasons, such as for food or resource s believed to have pharmaceutical benefits, for sport, and because certain animals and plants are considered dangerous. In each case, a big population of humans means a larger population of those who want to hunt and kill animals or harvest plants from the environment.Again, population growth means more pressure on other species. (3) In other words people will need more food to live which at the end will destroy their environment, and ecosystem will not be able to suffer all species in the world. Government should have control over that as well as over the illegal immigration. Illegal immigration starts to acquire serious population problem for USA and government should take care of that. We are already getting short in resources such as water, food, housing, and so forth and by adding more people to US population will affect that America will be even more in shortage of this goods.Government has to think how to stop both illegal and legal immigrants grow. It will be easier to dea l with number of people that want to come legally here, as there have been already cut numbers of green card lottery winners. However, it will not be that easy to deal with those who come illegally here. Many of those, whom are already here illegally, have also children who are citizens. According to Jack Martin The United States experienced record levels of immigration in the 1990s. Fifteen million immigrants settled in the U. S. legally and illegally during the decade.Factor in their children and the generally higher fertility rates among immigrant groups, and this single factor accounts, conservatively, for more than half the dumfounding 35 million increase in U. S. population in the 1990s. He also states that overpopulation causes that school are overload, health care system is qualifying down and transportation is failing. Government has to take his position in this matter as this problem will not solve itself. Government is big and omnipotent institution, that can, and even must, help to decrease population growth.However, we cannot forget about ourselves. Maybe we are not that powerful and big as government, but we can help a lot. One of the things that we can do is to learn that if we cannot support our kids, we should not have them. Nobody wants their kids suffer from having not enough food, water. It might be voiceless for people to understand this however, to save what is still available to us, we have to make decision. Government must find out best solution, which will work for environment and for people together.

Comparing Catrin, the Affiction of Margaret, Digging

In both Catrin and The affliction of Margaret, both poets talk about their child who is either ever-changing or has left them. The main difference however is that The affection of Maraget is a narrative while Catrin is written as a commencement per male child perceptive. some(prenominal) poems use the metaphors of chains or ropes to symbolise the relationship between the bring and the child. In Catrin the red rope is utilize to symbolise the drive and childs linkup. It could mean that rope itself represents their love, and how both Catrin and the have are spiritually tied by their love.Or the rope could literally mean the umbilical cord which is physically connecting Catrin to her make at birth, at the beginning of the poem. In other sense the rope could be used represent the conflict for power between Catrin and her mother, it could seen as a Tug of war rope. The word red used in this in this metaphor is ambiguous be dumbfound the colour red could represents the love between Catrin and her mother that is still there even though Catrin grown up or it could also represent the anger and frustration between Catrin and her mother for the fight for power. loss is also a warning colour, it could be warning about changes in their relationship, showing that there might be more trouble in the future. as yet in contrast the chains in The affliction of Margaret symbolise the opposite of the rope in Catrin. It represents the separation between the mother and her countersign. We can see that mother in poem is feeling a great amount of grief and pain. We can split that she is in this pain when she says thou, worse to me than dead. This phase emphasis the mother grief, this shows that mother is in a lot pain, and that she feels excluded from the world around her.Through-out the poem you can that tell that mother has a great affection for her tidings, you can tell this by the repetition of the possessive pronoun my, which normal followed up by son. The repetition of the my emphasise the bond the mother and son have also it could should that mother feels that it is her job alone to face. The structure of The affliction of Margaret backs the point that she has in an unstable mind-set. There are 11 paragraphs with very different meanings. They are random statements with no connection between them except, the loss of her son.It looks alike the mother has written the first thing that has come to her head. Because there is hardly connection between the paragraphs, it shows she is rapidly thinking of particular that might have happened to her son, which highlighting the grief that she feels. In contrast, Catrin is much more ordered than The affliction of Margaret. It has two segmentations the first section is the birth of Catrin and second section is an event in Catrin childhood when she wants to skate for an hour more. The ordered structure of poem could symbolise the hospital, a clean and ordered place.It could also symbolise the mothers co nstraint everyplace Catrin. In this poem Catrins mum has a lot of authority in Catrins life the most when she is a baby. However we see in second paragraph, when Catrin is older that line length in the paragraph starts to vary more and the structure is more irregular. This could represent the control over Catrin depleting, showing that Catrin is getting more power in their relationship. Digging is a first person perspective poem about the poet breaking necessitous from the family tradition of being a potato farmer.While On my first sonne another first person perspective poem which is about the poet grieving over his death son. I both of these poems the poet has great admiration for their relatives In Digging, Seamus Heaney use simple, colloquial diction through-out digging, to emphasise how easy his father did his job. By God, the old mankind could handle a spade. This quotation doesnt only show how simple his father found his job, that also show how the poet aspire to be as tal ented as his father. The phase By graven image, is used to describe his describe the talent that his father has he compares his talent to god.Also like in The affliction of Margaret, there is a repetition of the word my, it show that father and son have good relationship it also emphasise son admiration for his father. Ben Jonson also uses simple diction in On my first Sonne to emphases the poet grief of losing his son. If youre grieving, it is difficult to complex vocabulary. Also religious diction is used such hope and joy. The main why these religious word are used, is to fit in with key theme that god has taken his son way from him.However these words are also used to describe what emotions boy gave him this show much the poet admired and loved the boy, to give him these emotions linked to god The structure of On my first Sonne is very short it is only 14 lines long, the reason for this, is because the length of the poem is used to symbolise the life of Ben Jonson Jr, it was ve ry short.In the title, the word Sonne is used, this word sound like the word sonnet, which a poem with15 lines, this poem has 14 line, so it is incomplete sonnet, like the poets sons life, it incomplete, lso Sonne has one letter missing to Sonnet, this is other way the poet show how incomplete his sons life was. Both in On first Sonne and Digging both feel that they done something wrong to the other family member(s). The poet in On first Sonne feels that he has love his boy too much, refers to his love as a sinne. This show that the poet trying to explain his pain, he say constantly through-out the poem, that it is sin to love too much.The poet in digging feels that he has broken the family tradition, but in contrast to On first Sonne, there is an acceptance The squat pen rests. Ill dig with it This show the poet is proud of his choice of becoming poet, and says that hasnt broken the tradition, because his is still digging. We see in all these poems that there are closes bonds betwe en the parents and children, we also that separation or disagreement in these relationships can cause confliction and grief between the parents and the children.

Which May Influence the Health and Development of Babies

3500 Unit 18 Task 1 (E1) Summarise the cyphers which may influence the health and maturement of babies in the runner year of their lives. There argon many factors that preserve influence the heath and discipline of babies in the first year of there life around factors clear occur in the antenatal period before the nipper is born, some perinatal during the birth and some postnatal subsequently the birth. An standard of an antenatal factor is smoking. If the m some other smokes during pregnancy the treat is more likely to be born premature with a low birth weight.They to a fault lay easyhead-nigh reserve scant(p)er lung suffice and have organs that argon sm onlyer than a shaver that is born to a mother that does not smoke. Another example of an antenatal factor is dialect and worry. Stress experienced by a woman during pregnancy may affect her unborn baby as early as 17 weeks after conception, with potenti whollyy harmful effects on brain and fortifyment, accordin g to new research. The cord beingness wrapped around the babies neck is a factor that croupe affect the perinatal period. If this does occur some times the cord lead be cut before the birth of the baby faeces precede, other to this an emergency cesarian take be performed. When the cord compression is severe or long standing, the baby may have low Apgars and suffer brain damage, which could closure in a degree of mental retardation or cerebral palsy. If the compression is severe enough and labor has not yet begun, the baby can interrupt in uterus and be stillborn. Being born premature is a factor that can affect a baby during the birth. Premature birth is refers to a baby that is born less than 37 weeks of the pregnancy. Babies that argon born premature are at greater risk for short and long term complications, including disabilities and impediments in growth and development.If the childs mother suffers with postnatal depression this can be a factor that can affect the baby . As a result of this factor the childs mother might not be commensurate to get with the child therefore the child pull up stakes not tonus safe and secure and also they may not be able to bearing for their child to their full potential. Also, although postnatal depression is more common in women, men can be affected too. The birth of a new baby can be stressful for both parents and some fathers incur inefficient to cope, or feel they are not giving their partner the support she guidefully.Abuse is a factor that can affect the baby in the antenatal period. It can leave the baby with lifelong affects such as confidence issues, depression and enabling them to make positive relationships. The baby may also fall rump in their expected stage of development. Emotional problems such as anger, hostility, fear, anxiety, humiliation, lowered self-esteem and inability to express feelings. Are also other affects of abuse towards a baby? E2 describe how indoor and go forthdoor enviro nments for babies can be do safe, tranquillize and stimulating.Write about what needs to be considered and provided in the ground so babies are safe, stimulated and feel tranquillize in their environment. This may include relevant policies and social occasions, attractive, reflects those that use it, within/ outdoors provision, age/stage equipment/resources. Whilst children are playing at bottom and outdoors there has to be many things that the practician has to consider and put in commit. Although both environments have to be enjoyable, fun and stimulating they also have to be safe and secure for the babies.A policy is one thing that has to be put in govern and utilize correctly in order for the environments to be safe and secure. An example of one latest policy that is put in place in puts is the Health and Safety policy. The Health and Safety policy gives guidelines on how to keep children, staff, visitors and parents safe whilst attending the aspect. An example o f a procedure that go out be stated under this policy is the concentrateing in and out procedure. This procedure is put in place to make sure that no persons can enter the setting without reason or permission to be there.Equipment and resources in the setting needs to be take away for the age of the babies. An example of this which I have seen in the setting is paint. The paint that had been purchased for the setting was not age stage conquer for the babies to do finger painting with which is what the paint was intended for therefore the paint could not be used. Staff ratio is important whilst charge the children safe indoors and outdoors. In order to be able to meet all the childrens carefulness needs and give the correct supervision then there needs to be the correct number of staff to the number of children that are in the setting.E3 State the choosen age group. Give development about the expected stage of overall development and identify changes which can be usually expe cted in the bordering cardinal months. All babies are exclusive and volition develop at contrary rates all babies will not develop to the same stage at the same age. A baby at the age of 3 months will be expected to be able to hold a rattle for a few twinklings but they usually can not aroma at the rattle at the same time. By being able to do this the baby has developed on their physical skills. Within the next two months of their lives the baby will be expected to develop to the next expected milestones.At the end of four months the baby can now roll from their back to front. By being able to do this the infant has developed on their motor skills. Also the baby can now push up on his forearms and meander their head and chest 90 degrees when lying on their stomach this position all requires a slight lean to either side to ferment a roll. These two skills will care the infant to develop and lento begin to crawl. An infant at the age of 5 months is now beginning to gain so me balance and if the infant is sat on their parents lap or on the floor they might be able to sit for a few second unaided.If the parent places the childs legs in a v shape and gives the baby a toy as distraction then they may be able to sit for a little bit longer each time. By doing this the parent is athletic supportering them to develop on their balance. E4 Explain how two diametrical play activities/experiences can support the overall development of the baby described in E3. Write about two play opportunities which are developmentally appropriate for The baby described in E3. These may include everyday experiences such as Bath time or play activities. Identify how the overall development of the baby is sufficeed by each experience/activity.A play activity such as laying the child under a play gym would help to support all developmental skills of a baby age 3 months. One example of the skills that are being built is physical development as they will be improving upon their f ine motor skills such as their grasping reflects. Social and emotional skills are another area of development that the baby will be building upon. The practitioner will be sat with the baby whilst they are under the play gym talking and communicating with to them, this will help to form an accessory between the practitioner and the baby. This activity is also supporting Bowlbys concomitant possibleness.At 5 months an activity that will help developmental skills is sitting the baby on the floor and providing them with a distraction such as toys to help them to be able to sit up unaided. A developmental skill that is going to be developed from this activity is the babies physical development. Intellectual development is another skill that is going to be built upon because the child will be exploring the different objects that the practitioner has provided them to play with this also links to the physical development as the child will be grasping the different objects mend sat up a ccountability.E5 Describe the role of the practitioner in meeting the particular needs of babies in the chosen type of setting (group childcare) Give information about the responsibilities of the practitioner in EITHER group care OR home-based care. Responsibilities should relate to the chosen care setting and could include evinceing relationships with baby and parents, identifying and endning to meet babys holistic needs, observation and recording of development, supervision, resources/equipment, routines, other children.Meeting the care needs of the babies that are attending the setting is the main role of the practitioner. To be able to do this the practitioner has to establish positive professional relationships with the babies and their parents. The practitioner needs to establish this relationship to be able to meet the babies needs this will help this happen because the practitioner will be able to learn the babies routine and get to know the baby holistically. Good communi cation skills will aid this to happen.By getting to know the baby the practitioner will be able to plan to meet the babys needs. The practitioner can get to know the child holistically. Observations can be used to plan and also to support the practitioners planning. By doing regular observations the practitioner can observe the child and from the observation can gather an understanding of where the child is at in there development and use this information to meet the particular needs of children in the setting. They can then use the findings from there observation to plan for lessons, activities and the future. To monitor on-going development and plan for the next stage it is important to check that development is progressing steadily. With a good understanding of development patterns you can plan for the next stage. The role of the practitioner is to also to provide the correct resources and equipment to meet the childs needs and that provide stimulation. E6 Show how the child pro tection policies and procedures in the setting protect and safeguard the babies. Information about how child protection policies and procedures of the setting protect babies.This may include observation/recording/reporting, recognising abbreviates of abuse, confidentiality, rights of child, welfare of child, work with parents, teamwork. Having enforced child protection policies and procedures in the setting will ensure that babies are always safeguarded whilst being in the setting. Child protection policies and procedures are put in place to protect the rights of the child, ensure the welfare of the child is being kept up to standards and also making sure that there needs are being met appropriately.It is also important that all practitioners in the setting understand their role regarding child protection. It is also vital that everyone is aware and follows the policies and procedures that are put in place to protect the babys. There are many forms of abuse that a child can be sub jected to and that are subjected to. As a practitioner safeguarding children you need to be aware of these signs and be able to pick on them to be able to keep the child safe. All children, whatever their ages, culture, disability, gender, manner of speaking, racial origin religious beliefs and/or sexual identity have the right to protection from abuse. All staff (paid/unpaid) working in sport have a responsibility to report concerns to the appropriate officer. An example of a form of abuse that a child may be experiencing could be is physical abuse. A sign of this abuse that could help the practitioner to pick on the abuse that the child is experiencing is Has unexplained burns, bites, bruises, broken bones, or black eyes.Although one single sign does not prove child abuse is occurring in a family, but a closer look at the situation may be inevitable if these signs appear repeatedly. Confidentiality needs to be abided by all the time during child protection. Not only will it hel p to keep the child safe confidentiality will help to keep the practitioner safe and cover themselves. Although if the practitioner thinks that a child is at harm then they need to come out the settings safeguarding officer and allow them know what they think could be happening.Teamwork and working alongside parents are also essential to make sure that the child protection policies and procedures are successfully implemented in the setting. Whilst working with babies and keeping them safe the practitioner might have to work with other professionals such as social doers. and then the practitioner will have to make sure that they have good communication skills and that they are taking regular observations so that they are able to pass on information regarding the child to be able to keep them safe.E7 Explain the importance of the appoint worker system. Give reasons why well planned care routines and the key worker system benefit babies in early years settings. This may include li nks with home, individual needs identified/met, security and consistency, babies learn to predict what is to happen, overall development and learning, relationships with parents, shared information, confidence and authority. A baby needs routine, stability, safety and lifes basic essential to be able to develop and wave therefore a well planned care routine is vital.During the time the baby spends in day care their home routine needs to be brought into the setting as this will help the child to make a clear link to the routine that they follow at home this will help the baby to be settled and feel safe. Having a well planned care routine will help the practitioner to meet the babies individual needs. The baby will be having nap time when necessary, having feeds at the correct time and also be receiving any medication that is needed to be administrated. As a result of all these things the child will be helped to feel security and consistency.Having a key worker system in the settin g will allow all the needs of the baby to be met and will also give the baby the security, consistency and routine the need. This means that each member of staff has a group of children for whom she/he is particularly responsible. Your childs key person will be the person who works with you to make sure that what we provide is right for your childs particular needs and interests. When your child first starts at the pre-school, she/he will help your child to settle and throughout your childs time at pre-school, she/he will help your child to benefit from the pre-schools activities. Having the key worker system in place will help ensure that a close professional relationship is developed between the staff and the babys parents so that the needs of the baby are made paramount and that the babys needs are met to the parents wishes. Confidence and trust will be built through the key worker system and well planned care routines because the babys needs are being met and there is a good rel ationship ontogeny then confidence and trust will come as a result of this which will help the well planned care routine to be affective.The practitioner must also abide by the Care Standards Act 2000. This act sets national standards that the setting has to meet whilst caring for the children in their setting. 219 227 235 531 595 D Consider how the care routines can put up the overall development of babies from birth to 12 months. A development of E7. Give examples of how the overall development of babies can be supported during care routines, eg as well as giving babies food and drink, meal times can be very enjoyable and stimulate the social and emotional development of babies because.Well planned care routines can not only meet the individual needs of babies from birth to 12 months they also enhance their overall development. Nappy changing is made to be a part of a well planned care routine and is a part of the childs care routine that not only has to be done to meet the bab ys individual needs but that can also help to enhance development in other areas. During nappy change the practitioner can communicate with the baby through singing and talking. As a result of doing this the practitioner is helping to develop on the babys language and social and emotional development.As the practitioner is talking and singing to the child they are also helping to build a affixation between themselves and the child therefore if it was the babys key worker that was always changing the baby then this will help then bond to become slosheder. Nappy changing can also be very enjoyable and stimulating for the baby and this will also result in helping to develop on the babys language development further. Another example pf how an event of a well planned care routine can also help to enhance the overall development of a baby is meal times.As well as meeting the babys individual care need and helping the baby to understand routine it is also helping the baby to develop in other areas of development such as language development and can also help the children to form bonds with social and emotional attachments. At meal times in my current baby placement all the babys sit around the table together and all are eating or fed at the same time. Meal times are made fun with the practitioners communicating with the babys either through song or talking.By doing this the practitioners are helping the babys to become familiar with words which will help them to develop on their language development and they are also helping the babys to form bonds with the members of staff in the setting. As a result of this the children are going to be stimulated and experience enjoyment which will help when carrying out future meals times. Therefore as a result of this the babys will begin to enjoy nappy changes and meal times and the practitioner will be able to use these events of the care routine as times when the child can also be learning and developing.C Discuss the impor tance of an environment that is safe, reassuring and stimulating. A development of E2. Consider why babies need a safe, reassuring and stimulating environment. This may include the rights of the child and parents, encourages exploration, mental, emotional and physical benefits etc. Having a safe, reassuring and stimulating environment for babies that are attending the setting is essential in helping the baby to feel safe, secure and settled. The environment that a baby is developing in affects the way they grow and develop.As a result this environment will allow the baby to grow and develop their skills. Babies need plenty of opportunities to explore and travel but they also need to be talked to and played with. Babies that have no or little stimulation will not or will slowly develop show signs of development. They will lack development in areas such as language and cognitive development. Offering babies lots of stimulation also encourages the children and helps them to develop on certain skills. By giving babies a safe, reassuring and stimulating environment then the practitioner is respecting the rights of the child.Every child has the right to be safe, feel reassured and have stimulation. To create this type of environment the practitioner has to enforce and used certain policies and procedures. An example of one of these policies is the child protection policy and a procedure that comes under this policy is that all staff has to be crb checked before entering the setting. As a result of this no one with a sinful conviction can enter the setting and it ensures that no one of any danger can work with the babies. Reference could be made to appropriate course of instruction frameworks.B Evaluate the role of the practitioner in promoting an inclusive approach when working with babies and their families 8 980 496 510 515 A practitioner should always have and promote an inclusive approach when working with babies. The practitioner should ensure that all babie s are included and are care for with their individual needs being met at all times. As all the babies are different then within the setting there is going to many diverse needs that need to be met and the babies also have different family background and cultures that need to be considered in order for the practitioner to be inclusive.One role of the practitioner in promoting an inclusive approach is to put systems in place that can help to meet the childrens individual needs such as if one baby in the setting is allergic to peanuts then the practitioner will put a system in place so that the particular child is not going to come into any contact with nuts. An example of this would be that the babys feed or food would be kept in a separate place to the other babys food or snack so that the food is not coming in contact with any peanuts. A positive attitude in the setting is another way that the practitioner can promote an inclusive approach.If all the practitioners in the setting hav e a positive attitude towards the setting, children, parents and each other then it will help everyone to feel welcomed and included in the setting. Respecting the babys familys beliefs and wishes is a way that the practitioner can demonstrate that they are promoting an inclusive approach. If the babys parents request that the baby cannot participate in a certain task or if they insist that the baby must do or receive something at a certain time then the practitioner must carry this out to the correct procedure that the family have pass in order to show respect for the families wishes.The settings environment must be welcoming and diverse to ensure that everybody feels comfortable, safe and secure whilst using it. An example of this would be the displays and facilities in the setting. The displays in the setting must show a diverse range of information and pictures by doing this the setting is sending a message out to them that visit that they are diverse and that they do embrace i ndividuality. Working with parents to achieve the best for the baby is helps to make the setting welcoming.If the parents are made to feel that they can come into the setting any time and approach the practitioner with any issues then this will help the parent to feel that they are welcomed into the setting. Also keeping the parents involved with decision making is a way that the practitioner can make the setting welcoming by doing this the practitioner is making the parent feel valued and that there opinion matters. A detailed consideration of how the practitioner ensures the setting welcomes and provides for all babies and their families.Evaluation may include systems in place to support individual needs, the environment reflects those that use it, positive attitudes, value diversity and respect beliefs/ values, staff and parents involved in decision making, writing and reviewing of policies, partnership with parents, reflective practice, challenging poor practice. A Reflect on th e influences of theoretical perspectives of development and attachment on current practice in settings working with babies under 1 year of age. A detailed consideration of theories relating to development and to attachment.Make links to show how these have influenced current practice in settings that care for babies. This could include Current research/theory into the effects of day care on babies, quality care standards, national initiatives, Curriculum frameworks, provision, key workers Bowlbys attachment theory is a theory that influences current practice in settings working with babies under 1 year of age. John Bowlby was one of the first people to recognise the need of babies and young children for a strong stable relationship with their primary carers. Bowlby believed that mental health and behavioural problems could be linked back to a childs early childhood. Bowlbys evolutionary theory of attachment suggests that children come into the world biologically pre-programmed to f orm attachments with others, because this will help them to survive. Bowlby believe that attachment behaviours are natural and will be aroused by any situation that is seen to be a threat to the achievement of closeness to the adult, such as fear, insecurity and separation. Attachment is an instinct in babies.They must form an attachment by the time they are 12 months old as otherwise they may find it hard to develop strong relationships in the future. Bowlbys theory influences settings now to have the key worker system in place. The key worker system allows the baby to form an attachment with their key worker as the key worker will be the one that is providing the baby with are the basic essentials to be able to survive therefore the child will form an attachment with the practitioner as they are the childs only form of comfort and survival.The key worker will also be providing the baby with a routine that is the same to the one that they are following at home therefore this wil l also help the attachment to form as the child will feel the similarities between the key worker and home. A current theorist that influences on current practice and on the way practitioners meet the learning needs of babies is Lev Vygotsky. He believed that children are active in their learning and thinking. He also believed that childrens social environment and experiences are very important.Vygotsky influences the practitioners to provide the right resources for the baby to be active in their own learning. For example providing the baby with rattles, when the baby is provided with and shown the rattle then they will range of a function out for the object by doing this the practitioner is enabling the child to build upon their physical skills and also be active in their learning. Vygotsky, Piaget, developmental 284 70 Bowlby, attachment 80 82 576 Task 1 E1 Task 2 E2+C Task 3 E3 + E4 Task 4 E5 Task 5 E6 Task 6 E7, D, B Task 7 ABibliography http//www. needingworthcommunitypreschoo l. org. uk/introduction/keyworker. htm 1 . http//www. guardian. co. uk/science/2007/may/31/childrensservices. medicineandhealth 2 . http//www. ivillage. com/what-if-cord-wrapped-around-babys-neck/6-n-145567 3 . http//www. nhs. uk/Conditions/Postnataldepression/ foliates/Introduction. aspx 4 . http//www. secasa. com. au/index. php/family/11/95/5 5 . Thornes N, Childcare and education, 2008, Cheltenham,Page62 6 . ttp//www. nspcc. org. uk/Inform/cpsu/helpandadvice/organisations/childprotection/ChildProtectionPolicy_wda60690. htmlIntroduction 7 . http//www. nspcc. org. uk/Inform/cpsu/helpandadvice/organisations/childprotection/ChildProtectionPolicy_wda60690. htmlIntroduction 8 . http//www. childwelfare. gov/pubs/factsheets/signs. cfm 9 . http//www. needingworthcommunitypreschool. org. uk/introduction/keyworker. htm 10 . Page 80 11 . http//www. simplypsychology. org/bowlby. html 12 . Page 80

Examine the overtones of Gothic horror in Edgar Allen Poe’s tale The Fall of the House of Usher Essay

The Gothic literary genre is an English genre that was most popular in the late eighteenth and ordinal centuries. It is characterised by an atmosphere of mystery and terror. In order for a novel or poem to be considered as black letter, it must include some of the critical ingredients of the gothic genre. These characteristics include- the pulmonary tuberculosis of the supernatural (ghosts/spirits etc), use of dark and vast imagery, the theme of revenge (notably, the dead seeking justice), and a sense of foreboding (giving a hint of whats to come later). The Fall of the House of evince, by Edgar Allen Poe, can be described as a Gothic novel in that it demonstrates many gothic characteristics, specifically in terms of context and character.In gothic novels, the setting of a haunted house or castle is oftmagazines used. It is usually an old, dark and decaying castle plagued by a curse. The motif of a haunted house is used prominently in the The Fall of the House of Usher, and ind eed the castle is the main setting of the story, and the centre of activity.From the start, we become aware of the dark and desolate nature of the house, as the unnamed bank clerk provides us with his first-class honours degree impressions. He informs us I know not how it was but, with the first glimpse of the building, a sense of insufferable gloom pervaded my spirit. This immediately fills us with a sense of foreboding. We get the impression that all is not well in the House of Usher. In light of this, the use of descriptive setting in the gothic novel is a vital tool used to create a sense of mystery and tension. This is especially achieved through the frequent use of negative adjectives such as dreary, desolate, insufferable and decayed.The use of foreboding is used frequently in the gothic novel. This involves providing the reader with subtle hints of what is going to happen. Many novels use descriptive settings to create this sense of doom. The Fall of the House of Usher is no exception as the reader is bombarded with fateful images of the crumbling condition of the individual stones. This use of the joint crumbling, prepares us for the houses and the familys eventual fate the houses name is Usher it makes it hard for the reader to recognise the two as different. So when the narrator describes the house as crumbling this is also refers to the state of the family. Because of this use of foreboding, the gothic novel is often criticised for its utterly predictable nature.Interestingly, the unnamed narrator describes the house (an inanimate object), as having lifelike attributes, for example he describes the vacant eyelike windows. This use of personification helps to create a monster-like impression. As a result, the readers already strong fear of the setting becomes stronger. We get the impression that the house itself will generate any terror that is to follow.Descriptions of the houses interior used when the narrator ventures into the house for the f irst time describes many secret passageways sombre tapestries and the Black oaken floor. This frequent use of the colour black is also an obvious attribute to the gothic genre. other favourite iniquity device of the gothic novel finds a person trapped, for example, being hidden away in a dark cell. This is evident in Poes tale as Madeline is buried alive in a coffin- this is the ultimate entrapment. When talking of the coffin in which lady Madeleine was entombed in they describe it as small, damp and entirely without means of admission for light lying at great depth. This use of confinement helps to achieve an closely suffocating entrap and is extremely effective in creating fear on the readers part.Now I am going to discuss Poes use of character in the tale, and meet how it adheres to the gothic genre.Characters in the gothic novel are often very strange and eccentric. This is evident throughout when the narrator describes RodericksMad hilarity in his eyes when Madeleine break s from her tomb and his intricate song of imaginary things he seems to be in his own world and distances himself from the narrator and therefore the reader.The unnamed narrators descriptions of Roderick and Madelines physical attributes also helps to create this sense of eccentricity, for example he describes Rodericks peculiar physical conformation. They are described as rather indisposed looking creatures with ghastly pallor of skin and unheeded hair. This strangeness of character deems Roderick and Madeline alien to the reader.It is these little eccentricities that stops the reader relating to the characters, making them seem much distant. As a result of this Madeline and Roderick become scary to the reader because as human beings we are instinctively scared of what we do not understand.The setting seems almost cursed with a depression that affects the unnamed narrator as it already has Roderick and Madeleine.The narrators whole personality is affected at just the sens of the h ouse An air of stern, deep, and irredeemable gloom hung over and pervaded all. The characters all share the feeling of desolate loneliness even when they are all in concert this implies the house alters the blood of the characters. The loneliness is symbolised by the size of the house its vastness is a metaphor for the emotional distance between the characters.DOPPELGANGERIn terms of character, the relationship between Roderick and Madeline is highly important. They can be considered as doubles that is a frequent symbol of the gothic or horror novel and film. I press that Poe was using Madeleine to represent the evil in Roderick this is what causes Roderick to bury her trying to abate the evil in him, however he is unsuccessful as she breaks through the coffin, this shows that we cannot suppress evil inside us. This itself is a horrific idea.I am now going to examine the use of the double in the story. How are Madeline and Roderick usher analogous? There are many examples- for e xample-As Roderick and Madeline are identical twins they obviously look very alike, they both suffer severe illnesses which affect there casual lives making them house bound this is interesting as they are spending so much time in the house the houses curse seems to affect them greatly even leading to their eventual death The fact that lady Madeline and Roderick die at the same time could be caused by the fact the people recollect that twins can feel what the other is feeling be that mentally or psychically. But there are many examples of them being opposites Roderick is male and Madeline is womanly she is strong hes weak this is interesting as it contradicts my original theory.REMEMBER QUOTES.In conclusion toEdgar Allen Poes use of the typical traits of the gothic genre is rather obviously used in the fall of the house of usher. These overtones seem to add a sense of the unknown to the novel although gothic or horror novels are known for their predictability it is used effectivel y making the reader feel isolated from Roderick and Madeleine and closer to the narrator this is interesting as the reader actually knows more(prenominal) about the usher family than the narrator which usually causes the reader to support the person they know more about.

Greek Mythology and Hades Essay

The ancient Greek people wrote stories about characters known as divinitys in order to explain things in the world. For example, the story of snake pit and Persephone explains why plants do not grow in the winter. The story of hell on earth and Persephone is only one story however, and they are only two gods out of the erect number of immortal characters that the Greeks created. snake pit is the god of the underworld, goes by many different names, was extremely protective of his posessions, and was married to the beautiful God, Persephone.The Underworld (Image from Medeas Greek hideout painting by Kythera Ann) Greek gods have many different names, and different spellings. For example, Greek Gods all have different names they can be called. netherworld goes by many names, such as Aides, Lord of the darkness, Pluto, and god of the dead (www. theoi. com). Hades is most commonly known as the god of the underworld, and Aides is an different(prenominal) Greek spelling of Hades. Lord of the Darkness is from his most prized posession, his helmet from the Titanomachy war. Pluto is his Roman name.Pluto is the easiest to remember, however I have found that most texts refer to him as Hades. Lord of the Dead is not to be confused with god of death or the devil, as the god of death is called Thanatos, a less popular god (www. helium. com). While Thanatos is a God, I think that Hades is a more important figure in the Greek world. Although, Hades protects things such as funerals and burial ceremonies, Hades is a completely different person than Thanatos. Hades Helmet of Darkness (Image from Medeas Greek Lair) In the time of Greek Gods and Goddesses, there was a ten-year war called the Titanomachy.In addition, to win the war, the Cyclops gave the three brothers special weapons (www. helium. com). Hades was given the Helmet of Darkness therefore, allowing him to become invisible. This invisibility allowed him to sneak on to enemy territory, which is a nifty ability. After winning the war against the Titans, the brothers were rightfully deemed their regions Hades won the Underworld (www. helium. com). The Underworld is not depicted as hell in the Christian society, but as an island in the west ocean. However, Hades land, the Underworld, was thought of as under Greece as time passed.One of the Greek gods favorite activities was to get married. For example, Hades had a wife named Persephone, daughter of Demeter and genus Zeus. Hades married Persephone after abducting her (www. netplaces. com) sweeping beneath Demeters careful eye and stealing her most prized posession. Persephone, in my opinion, is the most beautiful of all the Gods. However, this inconsiderate action is a display of his relentless power.Despite Demeters wishes, Persephone stays with Hades during the winter only, and she is returned to her mother for the other eight months of the year (www.netplaces. com). At a time, Persephone was about to leave the Underworld entirely, but she ate pom egranate seeds at a banquet that Hades threw for her, which chained her to the Underworld forever. After eating food from the Underworld, the eater must always be forced to return eventually.With time, Persephone grew to like her husband more and became content with her life. Hades is the powerful God of the Underworld, husband of Persephone and goes by many different names, and is feared by all mortals. Hades is not to be confused with Thatamos, God of Death.He to a fault participated in the Titanomachy, winning the Underworld and his helmet of darkness, Persephone, image by Marta Dahlig which he cherishes even more than his abducted wife, Persephone. Hades is one of the most powerful Gods, right next to Zeus and Poseidon. However, Hades is my favorite God. Works Cited Ann, Kythera. Tales of Hades. Hades. Medeas Lair of Greek Mythology, n. d. Web. 30 Oct. 2012. . Atsuma, Aaron J. HADES Greek tycoon of the Underworld, God of the Dead Mythology Pictures HAIDES, PLUTO. HADES Gr eek King of the Underworld, God of the Dead Mythology Pictures HAIDES, PLUTO. Amazon, n. d. Web. 31 Oct. 2012. . Conner, Nancy. Classical Mythology. The Abduction of Persephone. The New York Times Company, n. d. Web. 30 Oct. 2012. . Harry, Tim. Greek Mythology Hades, the God of the Dead. Helium. Helium, 01 Apr. 2008. Web. 30 Oct. 2012. .

Abb Essay

As a result the front-line profit center managers execution of instrument is getting affected. * The conflict between long-term technical nurture and short-term profits is making the situation worse. As per the Business Areas concern, the COMSYS project should be given priority over other activities as this project, if successfully implemented, would enhance the operations and efficiency of our relays line of business across the world. However, the education of the project is affecting the daily activities of the company.The problem spilled-over to the regional transmission surgical operation and frankincense allocation of funds to the project COMSYS (in this case investing in R&D) rises as an important issue to be discussed. * Such an issue increases the difficulty in reaching to a decision. The more time we take in reaching to a conclusion more will the performance of the company get affected. starting of all, we need to ensure that the development of project COMSYS doesnt a ffect the operations and performance of the company. Second, we need to allocate suitable resources like funds, workforce etc. or project COMSYS separately. Moreover, from the short-term perspective we need to implement the project as soon as possible as the resources allocated to the project would then be addressable for daily operations, and from the long-term perspective we would be able to eliminate the compartmentalized framework of the profit centers and thus form a common base of bundle and hardware. * In the current situation it would be difficult to achieve this goal as the priorities within the organization doesnt coincide.Project COMSYS is important for long-term development of the organization and, thus, needs sufficient resources for its implementation. I would, therefore, request the committee to take the afore-mentioned points into consideration and carry this discussion forward and helps us to reach to a decision. 2. ABBs Global Matrix As mentioned in its annual re ports for the class 1988 and 1989, the Chairman(s) has(ve) cl beforehand(predicate) mentioned about the strategy of think global, act local.Since the merger the ABB group has been followers the philosophy of decentralization its aim to be close to the customer, to have short-lines of communication and decision-making and pull aheadly delimit accountability, all are reflected in its matrix grammatical construction. The matrix structure was proposed by a 10-person extend management so that it enables the group to achieve a balance between its global business focus through its 58 business theatre of operationss with the market created by the 1300 local companies under the umbrella of several country-based holding companies.The structure focuses on the principles of decentralization and indivi two-fold accountability with clearly defined responsibilities from business areas heads to regional and front-line profit center managers. The business areas were trustworthy for carving out strategies while the local companies were responsible for implementing the strategies and achieving the objectives. All the business area heads had supernumerary responsibilities of their national companys operations.Thus, the overall goal of the top management was to develop managers who can take leadership roles as a result of which a self-driven, self-renewing organization would be formed. One of the main reasons for the success of the matrix structure in ABB was proper communication of the philosophy by the top management to any single employee of the organization. Communicating values to the managers was given priority based on the belief that managers are loyal to values rather than to the company or a particular boss.The core values included quality not only in products but also in the organizational processes and relationships. The management emphasized on dedication to productivity and performance at all levels of the organization. The structure implemented was good in line with the overall strategy of the organization. With rapid acquisitions after the merger ABB grew bigger, spreading its operations throughout the world. The matrix structure, therefore, provided a platform for ABB to absorb the acquired companies and made implementation of its strategies in them easier.One of the important initiatives taken by the top management was to translate the companys philosophy to specific task requirements for managers at all levels. Throughout the internal restructuring process it was ensured that the organization was not disconcert from the market place. Important issues were delegated to teams consisting of front-line managers. The company also had a unique philosophy of resolving of problems wherein the problem, if escalated to the higher level manager, was pushed back to the team to resolve and to reach to a conclusion.This process enabled and enhanced the problem solving capabilities of the managers. In order to implement individual accountabi lity, a transparent reporting system named ABACUS was developed to collect performance data for all the 4500 profit centers in dollar denomination. The business area heads did not stop with just crafting strategies, rather they were personally involved up to or so extent in implementing the strategies and policies. The top management, also, was well informed of the daily activities as well as the performance of all its companies.In case any business underperformed, the top management would step in and demand explanation and offer help if needed, thus, giving proper attention to all its businesses. All the above mentioned points rationalise why ABB was successful with the matrix structures while many could not. Having explained the advantages of the matrix structure, I would like to mention few disadvantages which were prevailing in ABB too. 1. The complex structure with dual hierarchy sometimes leads to confusion and conflicts within the organization resulting in decreased product ivity as is visible in case of the COMSYS challenge faced by weary Jans in ABB. . It is sometimes time consuming and delay in taking decision may affect the organizations performance largely. 3. In such a structure it is difficult to ascertain accountability. The larger the organization, the complex the structure, thus, more difficult is individual accountability. 3. Management roles and responsibilities in ABB and Don Janss performance in ABB The management of ABB has been playing a vital role in the post-merger restructuring of ABB.The structure evolved as a pathway for the management to achieve its goal of run in a global scale. It provides managers the flexibility and autonomy in taking decisions. The management was driven by policies made by the CEO, Percy Barnevik. The frameworks set by Barnevik were well implemented throughout the hierarchy, for example, Barnevik implemented 7-3 formula which says that it is better to decide quickly and be right 7 out of 10 times than delay ing action in search of a perfect solution.This policy was driven by the principle that the only unacceptable behavior is not doing anything. Under his leadership, the company grew rapidly with numerous acquisitions across the world. Nevertheless, the same philosophy, values were implemented in each of its companies. The matrix structure of ABB defined responsibilities for business area heads to work on the strategy whereas the front-line managers were held responsible for the daily operations of the local company.The managers were provided autonomy to the extent that they had control over their companys balance sheet such that they inherited their results year to year and, thus, the top management had no say in the decisions regarding their companys operations. This particular autonomy motivated many managers to perform better and better. As ABB was acquiring companies, it became important for ABB to ensure that the acquired companies imbibed the culture and values of ABB.The manag ement took this as a challenge and ensured this by communicating the strategies and goals of the organization to managers from corporate level to business area heads to country level managers. One such regional manager for the relays division in the Coral Springs, Don Jans, who became part of ABB after the acquisition of Westinghouse in early 1989, had well-received the communication from the head of the ABBs power transmission segment, Goran Lindahl, where he emphasized on the responsibilities of the local companies to implement the plans and achieving positive results.It was not an easy task for Don Jans and his team from Westinghouse to adapt to the culture of ABB, however, he be the management of ABB much supportive and involved as compared to that by Westinghouses. When first exposed to the philosophies of ABB, Don Jans found it to be much different than Westinghouse, where the decisions were taken by the top management, unlike ABB where he had the autonomy of taking the decis ions. He found ABB to be much more flexible as the decisions were very much delegated and the organization was result oriented, i. e. he top management continuously monitored results of each of its companies, and would interfere only when the results were not satisfactory. proper communication of the organizations strategies to the managers was given importance as they were the ones who were responsible for achieving results. For Don Jans this experience was exhilarating, as he mentions once in a coming upon where the corporate managers(for relays business) were presenting to his team about how the industry was developing, where ABB wanted to be, how it was going to get there, and so on. .Such meetings were received in a positive manner as they educated his team about the organization. Moreover, the meeting did not end there, the proposals for investing in relays business by his team were given proper attention, which further advance Don Jans to provide better performance. The ma trix structure provided Don Jans with the flexibility of operations and taking decisions. Due to which the performance of relays business (of which Don Jans was in charge) had improved. With clear communication from the top management, he was aware of what was required to deliver.He used his experience in the industry to invest in a small-scale in microprocessor relays technologies as he had financial resources at his disposal. He used his freedom to improve the product lines of the relays division by broadening the microprocessor technologies experiment to solid give in devices, and thus gave ABB a competitive advantage in the market where other players were taking advantage of the technology. Thus, Don Jans tried to improve the performance of the relays division by leaps and bounds by regular investment in newer and better technologies.

Societal Implication Of Nanotechnology In Soil Improvement Environmental Sciences Essay

Abstract-Nanotechnology is an exciting and quickly emerging engineering leting us to work, pull strings and make tools, stuffs and constructions at the molecular degree, frequently division by section into functional constructions holding nanometer dimensions. some(prenominal) developed and developing states are puting in this engineering to hold a foodstuff portion. solid scope heed is playing of import function in agribusiness domain. Nanotechnology has opened up wise chances to progress alimental usage efficiency. With nanofertilizers comes give away as options to formal fertilisers, some researches had been conduct to better dirt guardianship, such as tone downled release fertilisers ( CRF ) which released their nutritive contents bit by bit to carry through with the alimentary demand of a works. The social deductions of nanotechnology in dirt betterment emerged in legion(predicate) facets such as nanotechnology-specific ordinance should be introduced, lordly la beling of all nanoproducts in nutrients is required ( ordinance facet ) , nanomaterials in dirt fertiliser whitethorn make unseasoned possible wellness hazards, nanofertilizer may make newfangled sorts of corrupt in dirts and waterways ( environment facet ) , marginalize poorer husbandmans ( economic system facets ) . The dirt betterment by nanotechnology must followed by a good direction and control from maker, authorities, public, and interest holders to undertake unwanted or negative deductions moreover.Keywords nanotechnology soil betterment controlled release fertilisersIntroductionNanotechnology has been described as the following new industrial revolution. Nanotechnology is commodious involvement all over the universe and brings a new imaginativeness. The development of the topic has multiplied exponentially from a few old ages because of possibility to do things better and cheaper. The US National Nanotechnology Initiative ( NNI ) calls it nanotechnology merely if it contain all of the undermentioned Research and engineering development from the atomic, molecular to macromolecular degrees, in graduated table of astir(predicate) 1 100 millimicron scope, bring forthing and utilizing constructions, devices and systems that have alone belongingss and maps, and capableness to command on the atomic graduated table. A nanometre is one-billionth of a metre. The thickness of a sheet of paper is rough 100,000 nanometres diameter of a individual gold atom is about a third of a nanometre. Different physical, chemical, and biological belongingss can look in stuffs at the nanoscale. These belongingss may be different from the belongingss of majority stuffs and individual atoms or molecules.The first ground why nanotechnology can germinate and emerge significantly because the intensifying research Fieldss of nanotechnology are normally thought to be extremely multidisciplinary because they come together from numerous countries of scientific discipline and engineering to do of import progresss ( physique 1 ) . The word convergence means the united from different waies of antecedently tantamount moreover independent countries of scientific discipline and engineering. Second ground, Nanotechnology can be applied in m any(prenominal) sectors from agribusiness, chemical, telecom, energy, and many more ( Figure 2 ) . It helps sectors to make new and advanced merchandises which better, more efficient, effectual, and cheaper.Figure 1. The place of nanoscience and nanotechnology over a basal map of scientific discipline in Science Citation Index ( SCI )Both developed and developing states are puting in this engineering to obtain better market distribution. At 2004, the first state which had invested 2.943 billion Euros is USA. The 2nd is Japan about 2.29 billion Euros and the 3rd is the European Union about 1.94 billion Euros ( Figure 3 ) . The sum of support in developing states may be lesser nevertheless this has non turn down the i mpact of some states on the worldwide phase. India, South Korea, Iran, and Thailand are besides investing with applications particular to their economic development and demands of their states.Nanotechnologies may offer new solutions for the 1000000s of people in developing states who are short of accessing to indispensable demands, such as nutrient, H2O, energy, wellness attention, and instruction. Food Agriculture Organization ( FAO ) calculates about that 1.02 billion people are hungry all around the universe in 2009. The united Nations has agreed to construct Millennium Development Goals ( MDG ) for work snap the jobs. One of MDG Goals is to extinguish utmost poorness and hungriness. This end can be achieved by nanotechnology encouragements proceeds s productiveness in agricultural sector. A new fertiliser, a better nutrient processing, and a new efficient and safe pesticides can be achieved by a new detector or techniques with nanotechnology enabled.Figure 3. Worldwide publi c and private outgo in 2004Nanotechnologies may offer new solutions for the 1000000s of people in developing states who are short of accessing to indispensable demands, such as nutrient, H2O, energy, wellness attention, and instruction. Food Agriculture Organization ( FAO ) calculates about that 1.02 billion people are hungry all around the universe in 2009. The United Nations has agreed to construct Millennium Development Goals ( MDG ) for work outing the jobs. One of MDG Goals is to extinguish utmost poorness and hungriness. This end can be achieved by nanotechnology encouragements harvest s productiveness in agricultural sector. A new fertiliser, a better nutrient processing, and a new efficient and safe pesticides can be achieved by a new detector or techniques with nanotechnology enabled. poop direction is playing of import function in agribusiness sector. Dirts are composite mixtures of solids with atom sizes about from nanometres to millimetres. Nanotechnology has brought up new chances to progress alimentary usage efficiency. With nanofertilizers emerging as replacement to conventional fertilisers, repairing foods in dirts better. It has helped to unwrap to new findings that works grow and micro-organisms can straight pick up alimentary ions from solid stage of minerals. Some researches had been done to better dirt direction, such as controlled release fertilisers ( CRF ) which is released their alimentary contents bit by bit to carry through the alimentary demand of a works. In 1996, the Polish applied a mixture of polysulfone and polyacrylonitrile as the surfacing stuff, and construct the industrial application of the fertiliser. The latest research is Super combined fertiliser and pesticide conducted by Pakistan-US Science and Technology Cooperative Program 2006 to do fertiliser with slow release of active component, and application of fertiliser merely needs one clip through the life of the harvest.Figure 2. Nanotechnology toward perpendicular s ectorsThe merchandises had been getable in market which contains nanomaterials such as Primo MAXX works growing regulator which is manufactured by Syngenta. It contains 100nm atom size emulsion which alleged the super little atom size allows Primo MAXX to intermix wholly with H2O and non remain in a spray armored combat vehicle. The last is Geohumus Soil Wetting Agent which is manufactured by Geohumus. It contains biocompatible lofty public presentation polymer which alleged dirt foil with H2O storage capacity based on nanotechnology.As nanotechnology improves the dirt direction patterns particularly in nanofertilizer, wherefore hiking productiveness of harvests, there will be many deductions in society on many facets. The facets that we will discourse are ordinance, wellness issue, environments, and economic system. This paper seeks to help common people to understand the deductions and therefore assisting people to expect and extenuate any jobs or negatives deductions.Discussi onRegulationThere are four chief issues in ordinance facet. They are precautional rule, hazard direction ordinance, compulsory labeling and transparence. First issue is precautional rule. Nanomaterials in nanofertilizer should be regard as a new chemical affair and should be treated in precautional rule. The precautional rule is principle in moral and political that if action, policy, or merchandise may do injury to the people or to environment, where there is no scientific discipline cogent inference otherwise, the duty to turn out is on the people who taking the action. Before nanofertilizer available in market, the authorities should analyze from the fiction procedure until waste direction ( cradle to sculpt appraisals ) . Government must utilize precautional attack to halt the release of manufactured nanomaterials until there is sufficient cogent evidence that the benefits out without any large effects. Nanotechnology-specific ordinance should be published to protect the popul ace, workers and the environment from impending new hazards think with nanotoxicity 14 .Second issue is risk direction ordinance. The authorities must hold a hazard direction ordinance about nanomaterials in nanofertilizer. Risk direction consists of jeopardy appraisal, jeopardy word picture, and image appraisal. Hazard appraisals are designation of the intrinsic capacity of a substance to do harmful effects, without trouble of such effects and duodecimal rating of bad effects following exposure to a chemical stuff. Exposure appraisal is quantitative rating of exposure of worlds and the environment to the substance. Risk word picture is quantitative appraisal of the chance that a bad consequence will happen, and of its trouble and period under defined exposure fortunes 16 .Third issue is compulsory labeling. Compulsory labeling of all nanofoods is needed to do people to take the nutrients what is good for them 15 . Labeling is of import issue because it can consequence of n anofood s sale. Many manufacturers adore to conceal the facts that their merchandises grew utilizing nanofertilizer because many people afraid to purchase a new engineering in their nutrient. This job can be solved by market instruction through a batch and good of advertisement and authorities blessing.The last issue is transparency. Public must cognize all relevant informations related to safety rating, and the methodological analysiss used to obtain them. The populace should hold the chance to be involved in determination doing about in the nanofood and agribusiness sector with nanotechnology enabled. Manufacturers and ordinance must work together to do certain that their merchandises have been passed appropriate safety testing, and must give the relevant informations about the wellness and environmental safety of their merchandise 14 .HealthNanomaterials in nanofertilizer may make new possible hazards. The grounds are nanomaterials are more reactive, greater entree than bigger atoms. This leads into nanotoxic that may impact homophile immune system and longer clip. Human may hold nanomaterial and acquire ill because the defensive system is non good at taking nanomaterial which is more adhesive and easy to infiltrate into human tissues and cells.A new device or detector is needed to observe happenings of nanomaterials in human organic structure. The detector should be accurate, fast, and easy to utilize for ordinary people like thermometer. As nanomaterial had taken to human organic structure, we need tools, medical potency or surgery process to take unwanted nanomaterials. The medical specialty should be cheaper and easy to get where nanofertilizer applied.The workers in nanofertilizer fiction may hold higher(prenominal) degrees of nanomaterial exposure than the populace. The husbandman and the workers who applied nanofertilizer are more vulnerable to nanomaterial exposures. Therefore, a lastingness and good defender such as a new masquerader and glov e must be worn all the times when using nanofertilizer. The standard process operation ( SOP ) when using nanofertilizer should be more relic and accurate than SOP in ordinary chemical fertiliser.EnviromentAgricultural merchandises incorporating nanomaterials from production, usage, and disposal will dispatch nanomaterials into the environment. There is a alteration when nanofertilizer will hold bad bionomic consequence to environment worse than conventional fertiliser because of let go ofing new sorts of dirt and waterway s taint 14 . Conventional fertiliser showed some bad consequence such as overgrowth H2O jacinth and algae in pool because of inordinate food in the H2O, therefore killing other being beneath the works.The rain can rinse off nanofertilizer from dirts to waterways. Nanomaterials in nanofertilizer can respond with micro-organism in the H2O. It may ensue in micro-organism loss or booming. The environment may besides endure from uncontrolled growing of unwanted work ss. Some waterways in few states used as indispensable stuff to carry through H2O supplies. A new H2O filter is needed to take unwanted nanomaterials to clean up the H2O earlier administering to community. Some utile bacteriums in the dirt may endure because reaction with nanomaterials or in other ways unwanted bacteriums is dining therefore it do land debasement. The effects of nanofertilizer even in unfeignedly small life should be monitored all the timesEconomyThe agribusiness and nutrient industries show nanotechnology patents have been increased really fast. Patents on seeds, pesticide, fertiliser and other techniques in agribusiness and nutrient are already controlled amongst a few large corporations in several developed states. Nanotechnology is high barrier engineering, means lone states with good fiscal beginnings and good committedness can command and monopolise nanotechnology along with private companies. Nanofertilizer s monetary grade and supply in the universe may order merely by a few companies in developed states.These developed states normally introduce the new engineering into developing states by government-government ( G-G ) understandings. The developed states provide nanofertilizer with inexpensive monetary value in 5 or 10 old ages to developing husbandmans in the name of assistance. If the husbandman is going depended on nanofertilizer to hike their harvest s productiveness, the companies will increase the monetary value and play the supplies to the husbandman. Some states may pay the husbandman to purchase nanofertilizer. The companies will hold net income enormously because the husbandman in developing states is abundant. In the terminal, husbandman in developing states may be marginalising of this capitalist economy actionDecisionsNanotechnology is an emerging new engineering. Nanotechnology has opened up new opportunities to better food usage efficiency. The development of nanofertilizer should be good calculated with sustainab le agribusiness patterns to extinguish poorness and hungriness in the universe. Hiking the harvests productiveness is the same importance as prolonging the environment and human wellness. The dirt betterment by nanotechnology must followed by a good direction and control from industry, authorities, public, and interest holders to undertake unwanted or negative deductions furthermore

Oedipus Story the Illiad

Jennifer Francois Dr. Beitchman The degree Oedipus the business leader was written by Sophocles. This play was one of the greatest tragedies of in all time. Oedipus Kinds of Thebes erst was praised by priest and the people of the city. The plague was struck by the people of Thebes grew sick. When the people of the Thebes, (described as the chorus) went to the priest for help, they all turned to Oedipus for their salvation. Oedipus seek for answers by sending his best man Creon to Apollo the Oracle of Adelphi. in one case questioned what he was going to do about this plague, Oedipus replied to the people of the city with answers.When Creon returns, he tells Oedipus that the plague is cause by the person who killed Liaus. Creon also stated that the killer lived within the city walls. Stunned of what he heard, Oedipus pursued to check revenge on the late king. Angry on such calamity Oedipus questions Creon real story. Scared and shy of what fate has cast upon the city, the peopl e searched for answers. Oedipus called for a blind prophet named Tiresias. Tiresias knew who the murder is, simply wish that he didnt tell. Oedipus then questions Tiresias intentions for being in his presence. Was it an act of treachery?Oedipus thought. After Oedipus questions Creon and the Tiresiass motive, Tiresias then lento tells Oedipus about a future of blindness and wandering. Jocasta, Oedipus wife tries to advise him to disregard the prophet and his fate, Oedipus stressed sought out to find such man. Oedipus called upon the people of the city to report such man who killed the late king Laius. Determine to find the truth his cursed himself blind. (Line 265). Oedipus finds out that he is the antagonist and Jocasta the queen is his perplex. Realizing he has unlatched his twisted fate he runs back to his palace.Then to find his mother, his wife hanging on a running noose for she has committed suicide was a tragedy indeed. Knowing that her prophecy was true Oedipus tries to rescue he exanimate ashes (Line 1340) and then poke his eyes making him blind. Begging Creon to kill him, Oedipus leaves exile from the city of Thebes. To conclude, the story of Oedipus the King described Oedipus fate which was to kill his father and marry and have children with his mother. However, it was his freewill that led him to this fate. His arrogant, aggressive, and pigheaded personality pushed him right down a path that complied directly with his pre-intended fate.I admire for Oedipus for as a severe character to protect the city he once fought for he had cursed himself. Even though he was hinted by the prophecy, he wanted to avenge the late King Laius. Although unraveling his fate cost him his Wife/mother and his own blindness, he found his answer. I feel sorry when Oedipus discovers his mother hanging herself in the palace. It was most in shock for as she did not want his fate to come out. The story of the Iliad has been astonishing. Filled with aggression, eff and Drama, the author creates excitement by starting in the middle of an epic story.Agamemnon takes the daughter of Chrysies and then releases her once the priest prays to Apollo to send plague against the Achaeans. Starting off in the middle of the Trojan War, Agamemnon and Achilleus battle classical against Trojan. Agamemnon a strong powerful Greek takes Achilleus prize Briseis. Even though Achilleus gives her up, he becomes so tempestuous that he refuses to fight any more. That and he prays to his mother, Thetis, who happens to be a Sea Nymph, to pull some string with the other gods so that the Achaeans will start getting defeated in battle and realize how a good deal they depend on him.When Achilleus cries out to his mother Thetis, she gives him a choice. Achilleus could either to live a long emotional state shameless or a short with glory. Thetis she felt her son sorrow. With Thetis requesting her sons wishes to win love for him, she waits to genus Zeus god of gods to come b ack to olympos. The next day in the morning, the author vividly describes Thetis mannequin as she emerges from the sea waves to find to find Kronos as speak to him. (Line 496-500) Thetis requested the Trojans to win to create enjoy for Achilleus as she did a favor for Zeus before.As read in the book Iliad, a lot of body language was used vividly to express Zeus and Thetis communication. For instance (line 528-530), Zeus nodding his head as a secret code to Thetis saying yes because he was going against his wife who favored the Greeks. Also in book 22, the death of Hektor was theatrical. Within a few lines as the reader I understood swaggers thoughts. Using internal monologue I had a better understanding of what hector was thinking. genus Athene tricks Hektor into believing that he will have help against Achilles.Trying to fight Achilles the leader of the Greeks army Hektor mom pleads for him not to battle Achilles. She expresses her love for him by telling him how she used to lay his head upon her breast to comfort him. (Line 80-85) Although Zeus is tempted to save him his daughter Athena doesnt allow it. Athena disguised as his ally Deiphobus convinces Hektor that he could beat Achilles. Hektor tries to make Achilles promise to treat his body with respect if he dies. With Achilles furious he refuses. exclusively to betray him, Achilles hits him with a spear through his throat.Hektor slows dies and begs Achilles to return his body to his family for a proper burial but Achilles refused his request. Achilles only returned his body to the Trojans and let the dogs scavenger his remains. To conclude, in the book Iliad which included tragedy between the falls of the Trojans, there was much room for empathy from Achilles mother was expressed her sorrow from her loved son. I also felt sorry after Hektor died he left his wife Andromache and the King Priam to witness the devastation.